CAJ | 학술논문

2005年和2006年夏秋季,宁波一消防池中出现信阳桃花水母(Craspedacusta sowerbyi xinyangensis),对池中的浮游生物种类组成及种群数量变动特征进行了研究,并与未出现桃花水母的年份进行了比较分析.共记录浮游植物85种,分属8门53属,以绿藻门居优势占种类总数的42.35%.优势种为蓝、绿藻门的小球藻(Chorella vulgaris)、银灰平裂藻(Merismopedia glauca)和不定微囊藻(Microcystis incerta);浮游动物记录44种属,原生动物和轮虫占绝对优势,分别占种类总数的47.74%和45.45%,优势种为多肢轮虫(Polyarthrasp.).浮游植物丰度值高峰出现在11月为14065.60×10~4 ind/L,蓝藻丰度居首位占61.05%;浮游动物丰度呈现5月和11月两个高峰,5月最高达5580 ind/L,7月最低为900 ind/L:原生动物和轮虫的丰度分别占总丰度的48.28%和43.92%,桡足类只占7.73%,生物量以轮虫最大.轮虫和桡足类数量在桃花水母出现前均达到高峰;桃花水母出现盛期轮虫丰度最低;桃花水母消失后再度回升;浮游植物、浮游动物和桃花水母三者处于动态平衡.桃花水母出现前至出现中期的4-8月份,池水为"寡污-中富营养类型"水质;水母出现末期及消失后的9-11月,发展为"中污-极富营养类型"水质.
2005년화2006년하추계,저파일소방지중출현신양도화수모(Craspedacusta sowerbyi xinyangensis),대지중적부유생물충류조성급충군수량변동특정진행료연구,병여미출현도화수모적년빈진행료비교분석.공기록부유식물85충,분속8문53속,이록조문거우세점충류총수적42.35%.우세충위람、록조문적소구조(Chorella vulgaris)、은회평렬조(Merismopedia glauca)화불정미낭조(Microcystis incerta);부유동물기록44충속,원생동물화륜충점절대우세,분별점충류총수적47.74%화45.45%,우세충위다지륜충(Polyarthrasp.).부유식물봉도치고봉출현재11월위14065.60×10~4 ind/L,람조봉도거수위점61.05%;부유동물봉도정현5월화11월량개고봉,5월최고체5580 ind/L,7월최저위900 ind/L:원생동물화륜충적봉도분별점총봉도적48.28%화43.92%,뇨족류지점7.73%,생물량이륜충최대.륜충화뇨족류수량재도화수모출현전균체도고봉;도화수모출현성기륜충봉도최저;도화수모소실후재도회승;부유식물、부유동물화도화수모삼자처우동태평형.도화수모출현전지출현중기적4-8월빈,지수위"과오-중부영양류형"수질;수모출현말기급소실후적9-11월,발전위"중오-겁부영양류형"수질.
In order to investigate a internal relationship between emergence time and quantity changes of Craspedacusta and plankton, and to evaluate the water quality of Craspedacusta' habitat by Margalef and Menkinick diversity index,the water sample and Craspedacusta were collected in a small fire-fighting pond in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province from Nov, 2005 to Dec, 2005 and from Jan, 2006 to Oct, 2006. This kind of jellyfish was identified as Craspedacusta sowerbyi xinyangensis. The water in the fire-fighting pond mainly came from rain. The area of the pond was roughly 50 m2 and about 2-3 m in depth. While collecting, the water temperature was 5.7-30.2℃, pH 6.7-7.9, the color of the water is green, with a transparency 0.55-1.45 cm. Craspedacusta's life cycle underwent two alternating generations:sexual (medusa) and asexual (polyp). We gained Craspedacus (medusa) periodically by the microplankton net when it appeared (6-10 month) and collected the water sample monthly. In addition, the water sample was also collected every other month in 2007 when Craspedacus did not appeared for comparing the analysis.The main results were as follow: 1) Totally 85 species remaining with phylum 8 and genera 53 were recorded.Chlorophyta was absolutely predominant in the species composition, representing 42.35% of the total phytoplankton.The dominant species of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta mainly contained Chorella vulgaris, Merismopedia glauca and Microcystis incerta. There were 44 species in zooplankton, among which, rotifer and protozoan were absolutely predominant in the species composition, and accounting for 47.74% and 45.45% of the total of zooplankton respectively.The dominant species of zooplankton mainly contained Polyarthra sp. 2) There was a abundance peak value of phytoplankton in November to 14065.60×10~4 ind/L. The abundance of Cyanophyta was premier, representing 61.05% of the total; The abundances of zooplankton had two peak value in May and November, which had the maximum abundance of 5580 ind/L in May, while the minimum abundance of 900 ind/L in July; The abundances of protozoan and rotifer accounted for 48.28% and 43.92% of the total respectively, and copepods for only 7.73%. The largest biomass was rotifer.3) The quantity of rotifer and copepods have all reached the peak value before the appearance of jellyfish; Abundance of rotifer was the minimum during the peak of jellyfish and rebounded again after the disappearance of jellyfish; Phytoplankton and zooplankton and Craspedacusta were in a dynamic equilibrium of the three. 4) The water quality of pool belonged to the type of "little pollution - middle nutrition" before and middle appearance of Craspedacusta in 4-8 month, and developed to the type of "middle pollution-enrich nutrition" later appearance and after disappearance of Craspedacusta in 9-11 month.The main aim of this study was to probe into a internal relationship between population dynamics of Craspedacusta and quantity variations of plankton by qualitative and quantitative analysis in a small pool which is the Craspedacusta sowerbyi xinyangensis' habitat. It was also important to further do a series of ecological experiments such as studying the adaptability to the habitat conditions or selectivity of feeding habits. Finally, our study will help provide new approach for protection of Craspedacusta.