CAJ | 학술논문

利用微卫星标记分析了洪泽湖避风港、蒋坝、鲍集等9个日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)野生群体的遗传多样性.结果表明,8个微卫星位点呈现高度多态性;每个群体中至少有5个位点显示杂合不足,显著偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡;9个日本沼虾野生群体均表现出较高的遗传多样性水平,洪泽湖中、东部避风港和蒋坝等群体遗传多样性高于西部鲍集和界集群体.突变-漂移平衡分析表明,洪泽湖日本沼虾群体部分位点杂合显著过剩,表明洪泽湖日本沼虾群体部分位点偏离了突变-漂移平衡,但近期没有经历过瓶颈效应,群体数量也没有下降.群体间F-统计量及AMOVA分析表明,群体遗传分化极显著(F_(ST)=0.064 3,P<0.01);基于D_A遗传距离构建的NJ和UPGMA聚类树均显示,地理位置相邻的群体聚在一起.结论认为,洪泽湖日本沼虾群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,在洪泽湖地区建立日本沼虾种质资源自然保护区,可以更好地有效保护洪泽湖水域的日本沼虾种质资源.
이용미위성표기분석료홍택호피풍항、장패、포집등9개일본소하(Macrobrachium nipponense)야생군체적유전다양성.결과표명,8개미위성위점정현고도다태성;매개군체중지소유5개위점현시잡합불족,현저편리료Hardy-Weinberg평형;9개일본소하야생군체균표현출교고적유전다양성수평,홍택호중、동부피풍항화장패등군체유전다양성고우서부포집화계집군체.돌변-표이평형분석표명,홍택호일본소하군체부분위점잡합현저과잉,표명홍택호일본소하군체부분위점편리료돌변-표이평형,단근기몰유경력과병경효응,군체수량야몰유하강.군체간F-통계량급AMOVA분석표명,군체유전분화겁현저(F_(ST)=0.064 3,P<0.01);기우D_A유전거리구건적NJ화UPGMA취류수균현시,지리위치상린적군체취재일기.결론인위,홍택호일본소하군체구유봉부적유전다양성,재홍택호지구건립일본소하충질자원자연보호구,가이경호지유효보호홍택호수역적일본소하충질자원.
Genetic diversity of 9 wild stocks of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense in Hongze Lake, i.e. 9 stocks of Bi-feng-gang (BFG), Jiang-ba (JB), Gao-liang-jian (GLJ), Bao-ji (BJ), Lao-zi-shan (LZS), Lin-huai (LH), Ban-cheng (BC), Cheng-he (CH) and Jie-ji (JJ), were investigated using 8 microsatellite DNA loci. The allele numbers, effective allele numbers, observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were estimated to characterize genetic diversity. Tests to detect excess heterozygosity in a population at mutation-drift equilibrium were analyzed. The results showed that all the 8 loci were highly polymorphic. Tests of departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicated at least 5 loci in each stock were with significant heterozygosity deficiency. There was significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in all stocks. All of the 9 stocks in Hongze Lake showed high genetic diversities, and the genetic diversities of stocks in eastern and central Hongze Lake such as BFJ and JB were higher than those in the western lake including BJ and JJ. The oriental river prawn stocks in Hongze Lake were partly different from mutation-drift equilibrium with partly heterozygote excesses, which might indicate that the stock, did not suffer bottleneck effects in the past as well as the recent stock decline. F_(ST) and AMOVA analysis across all stocks and loci indicated that there was medium level of divergence among the 9 stocks. NJ and UPGMA clustering tree based on D_A genetic distance demonstrated that the stocks of adjacent geographical position clustered together.