CAJ | 학술논문

在三个地区进行了大田试验和盆栽试验,研究农艺因素对杂交棉浙杂166的纤维产量和品质的影响及杂交种若干生理性状的杂种优势.结果表明,最佳种植密度和氮肥用量因地区而异,金华点要比杭州和慈溪要求较低的种植密度和较高的氮肥用量;播种日期以4月15日播种地膜覆盖的处理铃数最多.从纤维产量和衣指上看,最适密度和氮肥用量分别为每公顷4.5万株和180kg,播种日期为杭州和慈溪为4月15日,金华为4月20日,播种后全部地膜覆盖.不同密度、氮肥用量及播种期之间,纤维品质无显著差异,但慈溪点表现为N1(135 kg·hm-2)处理的纤维长度显著低于其它氮肥用量较多的处理.叶绿素含量(以SPAD表示)生育期间变异很大,在初花期和吐絮期,杂交种浙杂166高于其双亲和常规品种泗棉3号,而在盛花期和结铃期恰好相反.杂种及其双亲的MDA含量在生育期间也表现出较大的变化,且杂种的变化模式与不育系相似,表现为蕾期较低,而初花期及此后保持较高.与双亲相比,浙杂166具有明显的SOD杂种优势,生育期间的变化模式也与不育系相似.
재삼개지구진행료대전시험화분재시험,연구농예인소대잡교면절잡166적섬유산량화품질적영향급잡교충약간생이성상적잡충우세.결과표명,최가충식밀도화담비용량인지구이이,금화점요비항주화자계요구교저적충식밀도화교고적담비용량;파충일기이4월15일파충지막복개적처리령수최다.종섬유산량화의지상간,최괄밀도화담비용량분별위매공경4.5만주화180kg,파충일기위항주화자계위4월15일,금화위4월20일,파충후전부지막복개.불동밀도、담비용량급파충기지간,섬유품질무현저차이,단자계점표현위N1(135 kg·hm-2)처리적섬유장도현저저우기타담비용량교다적처리.협록소함량(이SPAD표시)생육기간변이흔대,재초화기화토서기,잡교충절잡166고우기쌍친화상규품충사면3호,이재성화기화결령기흡호상반.잡충급기쌍친적MDA함량재생육기간야표현출교대적변화,차잡충적변화모식여불육계상사,표현위뢰기교저,이초화기급차후보지교고.여쌍친상비,절잡166구유명현적SOD잡충우세,생육기간적변화모식야여불육계상사.
Pot and field experiments were carried out on 3 locations in Zhejiang province to study the effects of agronomic factors on lint yield and quality of hybrid cotton Zheza 166 and its heterosis in some physiological traits. The results showed that the optimal plant density and N application rate in terms of boll number varied in locations, and Jinhua required lower plant density and more N fertilizer than both Hangzhou and Cixi. In the experiement invovled in planting patterns, the highest boll number was obtained in the plants sowed on April 15 and covered with mulch membrane. As to lint yield and lint index harvested before frost ,the optimum plant density and N level were 45000 plants per hactre and 180 kg N per hactre, respectively, and the optimal planting pattern was that sown on April 15 and covered with mulch membranes both for Hangzhou and Cixi; and sown on April 20 and covered with mulch membranes for Jinghua. No difference was found among N fertilizer rates,plant densities and planting patterns in all fiber quality characters, except in Cixi, treatment N1 made significant short fiber length than other N treatments. There is a great variation in chlorophyll content as evaluated by SPAD value over the growth, the hybrid had higher values than its parents and a conventional cultivar, Simian 3 at initial flowering and boll-opened stages, but lower at fully flowering and boll-setting stages.In addition, a great fluctuation of MDA content during the growth was found in both the hybrid and its parents. The changed pattern of the hybrid over the growth stage was basically same as its male sterile line in that MDA content was relatively low at squaring stage, but remained quite high at initial flowering stage and thereafter.The heterosis in SOD activities was distinctly detected in the hybrid Zheza 166, but with the same changed pattern of SOD activity over the growth as the male-sterile line.