CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解城乡来源大学新生膳食模式差异,分析膳食模式与骨密度、体重指数(BMI)的关系.方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,调查1319名17～20岁大学新生膳食模式及其与骨密度、BMI的关系.结果 (1)城乡大学新生在4种膳食模式得分的差异有统计学意义.城市男女生选择“西方食物”型(x2=31.548,P=0.000;x2=13.068,P=0.001)、“动物性食物”型(x2=8.279,P=0.016；x2=41.137,P=0.000)及“钙类食物”型(x2=37.254,P=0.000；x2=15.651,P=0.000)的比例均高于农村,农村男女生选择“中国传统”型(x2=36.194,P=0.000；x2=25.936,P=0.000)膳食模式比例均高于城市,差异有统计学意义.(2)来自农村男生的平均身高、体重、BMI、骨密度值均低于城市,差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.001)；而农村女生仅身高和体重低于城市女生,差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.001).(3)农村和城市男女生“西方食物”型膳食模式的因子得分均与BMI值呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.187、0.192、0.551和0.465,P值均＜0.001),“钙类食物”型膳食模式因子得分均与骨密度呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.680、0.342、0.841和0.786,P值均＜0.001),而“中国传统”型膳食模式的因子得分在农村和城市男生中均与BMI值呈负相关(相关系数为-0.223和-0.093,P＜0.05),与骨密度呈正相关(相关系数为0.905和0.711,P＜0.001).结论城乡不同膳食模式对大学新生骨密度、BMI有显著影响.
목적 료해성향래원대학신생선식모식차이,분석선식모식여골밀도、체중지수(BMI)적관계.방법 채취분층정군수궤추양방법,조사1319명17～20세대학신생선식모식급기여골밀도、BMI적관계.결과 (1)성향대학신생재4충선식모식득분적차이유통계학의의.성시남녀생선택“서방식물”형(x2=31.548,P=0.000;x2=13.068,P=0.001)、“동물성식물”형(x2=8.279,P=0.016；x2=41.137,P=0.000)급“개류식물”형(x2=37.254,P=0.000；x2=15.651,P=0.000)적비례균고우농촌,농촌남녀생선택“중국전통”형(x2=36.194,P=0.000；x2=25.936,P=0.000)선식모식비례균고우성시,차이유통계학의의.(2)래자농촌남생적평균신고、체중、BMI、골밀도치균저우성시,차이유통계학의의(P치균＜0.001)；이농촌녀생부신고화체중저우성시녀생,차이유통계학의의(P치균＜0.001).(3)농촌화성시남녀생“서방식물”형선식모식적인자득분균여BMI치정정상관(상관계수분별위0.187、0.192、0.551화0.465,P치균＜0.001),“개류식물”형선식모식인자득분균여골밀도정정상관(상관계수분별위0.680、0.342、0.841화0.786,P치균＜0.001),이“중국전통”형선식모식적인자득분재농촌화성시남생중균여BMI치정부상관(상관계수위-0.223화-0.093,P＜0.05),여골밀도정정상관(상관계수위0.905화0.711,P＜0.001).결론 성향불동선식모식대대학신생골밀도、BMI유현저영향.
Objective To find out the differences of dietary patterns among freshmen coming from urban and rural areas that might have influenced their bone mineral density and body mass index (BMI).Methods With stratified random sampling method,dietary patterns and their bone mineral density,BMI of 1319 freshmen were studied.Results (1) The ratios of urban freshunen who chose "western food" pattern ( x2=31.548,P=0.000; x2=13.068,P=0.001 ),"animal food" pattern ( x2=8.279,P=0.016; x2=41.137,P=0.000) or "calcium food" pattern (x2=37.254,P=0.000; x2=15.651,P=0.000) were higher than that of rural freshmen,and the ratios of rural freshmen who chose "Chinese traditional" pattern (x2=36.194,P=0.000; x2=25.936,P=0.000) were higher than that of urban freshmen.(2) The average height,weight,BMI,speed of sound (SOS) of male freshmen from rural areas were lower than that from the city and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Among those female freshmen,only height and weight were significantly different (P＜0.05).(3) In both rural and urban frestunen,the factor scores of "westem food" pattern had a positive correlation with BMI,with the correlation coefficients as 0.187,0.192,0.551,0.465 (P＜0.001).The factor scores of "calcium food" pattern were positively related to bone mineral density (SOS values)with correlation coefficients as 0.680,0.342,0.841,0.786,P＜ 0.001 respectively.The factor scores on "Chinese traditional" pattern were negatively correlated with BMI,with correlation coefficients as -0.223,-0.093 (P＜0.05) which were positively related to bone mineral density (SOS values) in both rural and urban male freshmen,with correlation coefficients as 0.905,0.711 (P＜0.001).Conclusion Different dietary patterns chosen by urban and rural freshmen had a significant impact on both bone mineral density and BMI.