CAJ | 학술논문

采用常规压片与冰冻切片两种方法,观察甘蓝型油菜不育系Shaan-GMS的不育株与可育株小孢子母细胞减数分裂和小孢子发育过程,以阐明小孢子败育时期和细胞学特征.植株表型上,花期可育株与不育株花器官差异较大:不育株花丝较短,花药小且干瘪,微粉或无粉,淡黄色;细胞学观察结果显示不育株的花粉母细胞能够进行正常的减数分裂,形成四分体,但在单核期开始发生异常.主要表现为小孢子从四分体中释放后无法形成正常的小孢子外壁,随后小孢子外壁、内容物和绒毡层均提早降解,只剩下空壳与残渣,药室也随之萎缩变形,最终导致花粉败育.上述结果说明Shaan-GMS为单核败育类型,可能是一个细胞核雄性不育新材料.
채용상규압편여빙동절편량충방법,관찰감람형유채불육계Shaan-GMS적불육주여가육주소포자모세포감수분렬화소포자발육과정,이천명소포자패육시기화세포학특정.식주표형상,화기가육주여불육주화기관차이교대:불육주화사교단,화약소차간별,미분혹무분,담황색;세포학관찰결과현시불육주적화분모세포능구진행정상적감수분렬,형성사분체,단재단핵기개시발생이상.주요표현위소포자종사분체중석방후무법형성정상적소포자외벽,수후소포자외벽、내용물화융전층균제조강해,지잉하공각여잔사,약실야수지위축변형,최종도치화분패육.상술결과설명Shaan-GMS위단핵패육류형,가능시일개세포핵웅성불육신재료.
DDGMS (digenic dominant genic male sterile) microsporogenesis was investigated using Shaan-GMS rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) by squashing and freezing the anther. In sterile plants, the anther was shriveled, dehydrated and small with short filaments. Cytological observation revealed a normal tetrad stage of anther. Pollen aborted at the uninucleate microspore stage when tetrads exine aborted after microspores released. Exines and cytoplasm of microspores as well as tapetum cells prematurely degenerated. Only debris left subsequently in the distorted and shrunk locules. The results suggested rapeseed Shaan-GMS to be a new type of DDGMS.