中国人口·资源与环境
中國人口·資源與環境
중국인구·자원여배경
CHINA POPULATION RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
2010年
4期
159-164
,共6页
医疗支出%环境质量%面板协整
醫療支齣%環境質量%麵闆協整
의료지출%배경질량%면판협정
health expenditures%environmental quality%panel cointegration
将工业二氧化硫排放量作为环境质量的代理变量,对中国各个地区分别建立面板数据模型,研究中国城镇居民医疗保健支出与居民收入和环境质量之间的长期均衡关系,并基于面板误差纠正模型来分析医疗支出对各影响因素的短期调节效应.实证结果表明,环境质量对医疗支出影响的长期弹性在我国东部、中部和西部各地区均为正值,说明环境污染的加剧导致人们健康状况的恶化,从而促进了医疗支出的增长.因此,做好环境保护工作应该具有长久坚持的意义.但是,从短期来看,环境质量对医疗支出的影响却为负值,这一结果解释了当前有些地区和部门在短期内会以牺牲环境为代价来换取经济的暂时发展,由此更加突显了做好环境保护工作的艰巨性与紧迫性.另一方面,居民收入对医疗保健支出影响的长期弹性和短期弹性均大于1,表明提高城镇居民收入水平对于改善居民健康状况具有显著作用,由此说明我国当前实施的工资增长机制、提高医疗补助政策具有其针对性和适宜性.
將工業二氧化硫排放量作為環境質量的代理變量,對中國各箇地區分彆建立麵闆數據模型,研究中國城鎮居民醫療保健支齣與居民收入和環境質量之間的長期均衡關繫,併基于麵闆誤差糾正模型來分析醫療支齣對各影響因素的短期調節效應.實證結果錶明,環境質量對醫療支齣影響的長期彈性在我國東部、中部和西部各地區均為正值,說明環境汙染的加劇導緻人們健康狀況的噁化,從而促進瞭醫療支齣的增長.因此,做好環境保護工作應該具有長久堅持的意義.但是,從短期來看,環境質量對醫療支齣的影響卻為負值,這一結果解釋瞭噹前有些地區和部門在短期內會以犧牲環境為代價來換取經濟的暫時髮展,由此更加突顯瞭做好環境保護工作的艱巨性與緊迫性.另一方麵,居民收入對醫療保健支齣影響的長期彈性和短期彈性均大于1,錶明提高城鎮居民收入水平對于改善居民健康狀況具有顯著作用,由此說明我國噹前實施的工資增長機製、提高醫療補助政策具有其針對性和適宜性.
장공업이양화류배방량작위배경질량적대리변량,대중국각개지구분별건립면판수거모형,연구중국성진거민의료보건지출여거민수입화배경질량지간적장기균형관계,병기우면판오차규정모형래분석의료지출대각영향인소적단기조절효응.실증결과표명,배경질량대의료지출영향적장기탄성재아국동부、중부화서부각지구균위정치,설명배경오염적가극도치인문건강상황적악화,종이촉진료의료지출적증장.인차,주호배경보호공작응해구유장구견지적의의.단시,종단기래간,배경질량대의료지출적영향각위부치,저일결과해석료당전유사지구화부문재단기내회이희생배경위대개래환취경제적잠시발전,유차경가돌현료주호배경보호공작적간거성여긴박성.령일방면,거민수입대의료보건지출영향적장기탄성화단기탄성균대우1,표명제고성진거민수입수평대우개선거민건강상황구유현저작용,유차설명아국당전실시적공자증장궤제、제고의료보조정책구유기침대성화괄의성.
In this article, we take the industrial sulphur oxide emissions as a proxy variable for environmental quality, and develop panel data models for east,central and west China separately. We examine the role of environmental pollution and urban households' income in determining per capita health expenditures. We adopt a panel error correction approach to explore the possibility of investigating the reaction after a shock to this system. Our empirical analysis reveals that in the long run, the environmental quality exerts a statistically significant positive effect on health expenditures in any area of China, which implies that the seriousness of environmental pollution will result in the deterioration of households' health and the increase in the health expenditures. While the fact of negative short-run impacts of environmental quality just provides some evidences for authorities and firms pursuing economic growth, regardless of environmental conservation. It is arduous, but also urgent to protect our environment. Both the long-run and the short-run elasticities of households' income are all larger than one, which emphasizes the great significance of improving the urban households' income. Consequently, this article also gives evidence for improving the health subsidies from a policy point of view.