CAJ | 학술논문

为准确评价林火在大兴安岭樟子松林中的地位和作用,在大兴安岭呼伦贝尔盟莫尔道嘎林区樟子松林内,利用火疤木解析的方法,确定了3块火疤木集中的样地历史林火发生的年代及每次林火的火焰高度h;林火强度I通过经验公式计算;结合样地每木调查,推算了林火发生后样地林木胸径.研究表明,3块样地自1887～1976年间共发生10次林火,h为0.46～3.32m,I为48～3690kW/m,平均林火间隔期tMFI约为19.8a.在樟子松林内高强度的火烧对林分生长造成破坏,迫使林分重新开始更新和演替,中度与低强度火作为一个自然选择力,排除抗火性较樟子松差的树种、灌木和杂草,加速养分循环,使存活下来的樟子松获得更大的存活与发展空间.tMFI与I成反比,因此过分干扰林火发生必将增加发生大火的可能性.
위준학평개림화재대흥안령장자송림중적지위화작용,재대흥안령호륜패이맹막이도알림구장자송림내,이용화파목해석적방법,학정료3괴화파목집중적양지역사림화발생적년대급매차림화적화염고도h;림화강도I통과경험공식계산;결합양지매목조사,추산료림화발생후양지림목흉경.연구표명,3괴양지자1887～1976년간공발생10차림화,h위0.46～3.32m,I위48～3690kW/m,평균림화간격기tMFI약위19.8a.재장자송림내고강도적화소대림분생장조성파배,박사림분중신개시경신화연체,중도여저강도화작위일개자연선택력,배제항화성교장자송차적수충、관목화잡초,가속양분순배,사존활하래적장자송획득경대적존활여발전공간.tMFI여I성반비,인차과분간우림화발생필장증가발생대화적가능성.
In order to evaluate the status and role of fire in Mongolian Scotch pine(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica) forest of Daxinganling mountain,studies were conducted in 3 sampling plots in the Mordaoga Forestry Region.We defined the years and heights(h) of fires which happened in sampling plots by a method of fire scar analysis.Fire intensity(I) is calculated by an experiential formula,and the diameter at the breast height (DBH) after each fire concludes from the materials of DBH measured in the field.Results showed that 10 fires happened in 3 sampling plots from 1887 to 1976,h ranging from 0.45～3.32m and I range from 48～3690kW/m and mean fire interval(tMFI) is about 19.8 years.Limited data on fire history and stand DBHs distributions after fires showed:high intensity fire disturbed the stand development and compelled stand to restart the regeneration and succession;medium and low intensity forest fires as a natural selection force,suppressing other trees,shrubs and weeds with low resistance against fires and accelerating soil nutrient cycling,those are in favor of survival for Mongolian Scotch pines;tMFI and I generally have an inverse relationship.Therefore,it will raise the risk of high-intensity fire occurrence to prevent fire from forest in a long term.