CAJ | 학술논문

根据收集到的横断山区山地垂直带谱数据,对山地垂直带的坡向效应和空间分布规律进行了分析和研究.结果表明:1)主要的垂直带和垂直带界线如林线、暗针叶林带、雪线等的纬度和经度地带性分布规律明显并且分布模式都相似,纬向上呈开口向下的二次曲线分布模式,经向上呈开口向上的二次曲线分布模式,两者共同形成"双曲抛物面"分布模式,充分反映了横断山区的环境与生态的复杂性和独特性,也进一步丰富和发展了山地垂直带谱的二次曲线假说; 2)横断山区山地垂直带谱表现出明显的基于水分驱动的坡向效应,主要表现为同一山体的东、西坡往往具有不同的基带和带谱结构,相同类型的带谱出现的海拔和分布范围不同,迎风坡表现出较为湿润的类型和带谱结构,而背风坡则表现出更为干旱的类型和组成结构;横断山区的坡向效应主要是由于山体对当地盛行季风的影响,造成迎风坡和背风坡水热条件相差很大,从而发育不同的山地垂直带谱类型.从横断山区山地垂直带谱的空间分布规律来看, 28°～29°N、98°～101°E范围内,即大致在澜沧江以东-雅砻江以西,山地垂直带谱普遍表现出干热的特点,为横断山区干热气候的核心地带.但如何定量分析山地的坡向效应尚有待于进一步的研究和讨论.此外、数据质量和数据误差也对分析的结果,尤其是空间分布模式的数学模拟结果产生一定的影响,在以后的研究中尚需进一步完善.
근거수집도적횡단산구산지수직대보수거,대산지수직대적파향효응화공간분포규률진행료분석화연구.결과표명:1)주요적수직대화수직대계선여림선、암침협림대、설선등적위도화경도지대성분포규률명현병차분포모식도상사,위향상정개구향하적이차곡선분포모식,경향상정개구향상적이차곡선분포모식,량자공동형성"쌍곡포물면"분포모식,충분반영료횡단산구적배경여생태적복잡성화독특성,야진일보봉부화발전료산지수직대보적이차곡선가설; 2)횡단산구산지수직대보표현출명현적기우수분구동적파향효응,주요표현위동일산체적동、서파왕왕구유불동적기대화대보결구,상동류형적대보출현적해발화분포범위불동,영풍파표현출교위습윤적류형화대보결구,이배풍파칙표현출경위간한적류형화조성결구;횡단산구적파향효응주요시유우산체대당지성행계풍적영향,조성영풍파화배풍파수열조건상차흔대,종이발육불동적산지수직대보류형.종횡단산구산지수직대보적공간분포규률래간, 28°～29°N、98°～101°E범위내,즉대치재란창강이동-아롱강이서,산지수직대보보편표현출간열적특점,위횡단산구간열기후적핵심지대.단여하정량분석산지적파향효응상유대우진일보적연구화토론.차외、수거질량화수거오차야대분석적결과,우기시공간분포모식적수학모의결과산생일정적영향,재이후적연구중상수진일보완선.
This paper analyses the exposure effects and spatial pattern of altitudinal belts in the Hengduan Mountains based on nearly 80 spectra of altitudinal belts in the study region.The result shows that: 1) The main altitudinal belt lines, such as forest line, the upper limit of dark-coniferous forest and snow line, have similar latitudinal and longitudinal spatial patterns, namely, arched quadratic curve as with changing latitudes and concave quadratic curve along longitudinal direction This pattern can be called "Hyperbolic-paraboloid model," revealing the environmental and ecological complexity and speciality of the study region.This result further validates the hypnosis of the quadratic model for the spatial pattern of mountain altitudinal belts.The spatial pattern of altitudinal belt limits also clearly shows that the region between the Lancang River and the Yalong River (28°- 29°N and 98°-101°E) is the drought and hot core of the study region.2) The spatial pattern of altitudinal belt spectra is closely related with moisture-related exposure effect in the Hengduan Mountains.Different combination (spectra) of altitudinal belts and different base belt types appear in windward and leeward flanks and even in the same flanks of different ranges.This is closely related with the parallel mountain ranges of the Hengduan Mountains, which, at nearly right angle with the moving direction of prevailing moisture-laden air masses from west and east, hold up the warm and wet monsoon wind from moving into the core region and result in different moisture condition in windward and leeward flanks.However, how to quantitatively describe the moisture-related exposure effect needs in-depth study.In addition, data quality and data accuracy at present also affect the result of quantitative modeling and should be improved with RS/GIS in the future.