CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨某市小学教师脑力负荷的分布特征及其主要影响因素.方法采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取397名某市城区和郊区小学教师,采用经信度、效度验证的任务负荷指数(NASA-TLX)评价量表测量其脑力负荷水平.结果某市女性小学教师脑力负荷得分( 64.34+10.56)较男性(61.73±9.77)高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);～35岁组小学教师脑力负荷水平最高(65.66±10.42),年龄＜35岁时,脑力负荷与年龄呈正相关(r=0.146,P＜0.05);年龄＞35岁时,脑力负荷与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.190,P＜0.05);文化程度越高的小学教师感到的脑力负荷越大(偏回归系数B=1.524,标准偏回归系数β=0.111,P＜0.05);每天工作时间越长,小学教师脑力负荷越大,且对脑力负荷的影响最大(偏回归系数B=4.659,标准偏回归系数β=0.223,P＜0.01).结论南昌市小学教师脑力负荷水平与年龄、学历以及每天工作时间密切相关,每天工作时间是影响其脑力负荷水平的重要危险因素,减少每天工作时间特别使其控制在8h以内可能是减轻小学教师脑力负荷的有效措施.
목적 탐토모시소학교사뇌력부하적분포특정급기주요영향인소.방법 채용수궤정군추양적방법추취397명모시성구화교구소학교사,채용경신도、효도험증적임무부하지수(NASA-TLX)평개량표측량기뇌력부하수평.결과 모시녀성소학교사뇌력부하득분( 64.34+10.56)교남성(61.73±9.77)고,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05);～35세조소학교사뇌력부하수평최고(65.66±10.42),년령＜35세시,뇌력부하여년령정정상관(r=0.146,P＜0.05);년령＞35세시,뇌력부하여년령정부상관(r=-0.190,P＜0.05);문화정도월고적소학교사감도적뇌력부하월대(편회귀계수B=1.524,표준편회귀계수β=0.111,P＜0.05);매천공작시간월장,소학교사뇌력부하월대,차대뇌력부하적영향최대(편회귀계수B=4.659,표준편회귀계수β=0.223,P＜0.01).결론 남창시소학교사뇌력부하수평여년령、학력이급매천공작시간밀절상관,매천공작시간시영향기뇌력부하수평적중요위험인소,감소매천공작시간특별사기공제재8h이내가능시감경소학교사뇌력부하적유효조시.
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of mental workload of teachers in primary schools.Methods National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to assess the mental workload levels for 397 teachers of primary schools in a city.Results The mental workload (64.34±10.56) of female teachers was significantly higher than that (61.73±9.77) of male teachers (P＜0.05).The mental workload (65.66±10.42) of “～35” years old group was the highest.When age of teachers was younger than 35 years old,there was a positive correlation between the mental workload and age (r=0.146,P＜0.05).When age of teachers was older than 35 years old,there was a negative correlation between the mental workload and age (r=-0.190,P＜0.05 ).The teachers with higher education level felt higher mental workload (unstandardized coefficients B=1.524,standardized coefficients β=0.111,P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation between the mental workload and working hours per day (unstandardized coefficients B=4.659,standardized coefficients β =0.223,P＜0.001 ).Conclusion Mental workload of the teachers in primary schools is closely related to age,educational level and work hours per day.Work hours per day is an important risk factor for mental workload.Reducing work hours per day (8 hours) is an effective measure of alleviating the mental workload of teachers in primary schools.