中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志
中華耳鼻嚥喉頭頸外科雜誌
중화이비인후두경외과잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
2012年
10期
836-840
,共5页
张元鑫%张奎启%秦泗佳%王福
張元鑫%張奎啟%秦泗佳%王福
장원흠%장규계%진사가%왕복
上颌神经%眼动脉%尸体解剖
上頜神經%眼動脈%尸體解剖
상합신경%안동맥%시체해부
Maxillary nerve%Ophthalmic artery%Autopsy
目的 观测上颌神经的行程、分段,各段的长度、宽度、分支和动脉供应.方法 取动脉灌注红色乳胶,福尔马林固定的50侧头部标本,用大体和显微解剖法,从不同入路分4段解剖上颌神经全程,观测上颌神经各段的长、宽、分支和动脉供应.以SPSS 11.5进行统计学分析.结果 上颌神经颅中窝段平均((x)±s,下同)长约(10.70±1.31)mm,宽约(4.01±0.52)mm；该段神经由海绵窦下(外)动脉供应.翼腭窝段长约(16.21 ± 1.80)mm,宽为(3.27 ±0.62) mm;发出颧神经、1～3条上牙槽后神经、2条神经节支和结节降支；该段神经由圆孔动脉供应.眶下管段长( 25.73±2.03) mm,宽(3.30±0.52)mm;发出上牙槽中神经(64％)和上牙槽前神经；该段神经由眶下动脉供应.面段出眶下孔发出上唇支、鼻支、睑支、颊支和颧支；这些神经主要由眶下动脉和面动脉发出的上唇动脉、内眦动脉供应.结论 了解上颌神经的行程和动脉供应的知识有助于局部麻醉和上颌神经手术；在鼻内镜下翼腭窝手术中,眶下神经、蝶腭孔和圆孔是重要的解剖标志.
目的 觀測上頜神經的行程、分段,各段的長度、寬度、分支和動脈供應.方法 取動脈灌註紅色乳膠,福爾馬林固定的50側頭部標本,用大體和顯微解剖法,從不同入路分4段解剖上頜神經全程,觀測上頜神經各段的長、寬、分支和動脈供應.以SPSS 11.5進行統計學分析.結果 上頜神經顱中窩段平均((x)±s,下同)長約(10.70±1.31)mm,寬約(4.01±0.52)mm；該段神經由海綿竇下(外)動脈供應.翼腭窩段長約(16.21 ± 1.80)mm,寬為(3.27 ±0.62) mm;髮齣顴神經、1～3條上牙槽後神經、2條神經節支和結節降支；該段神經由圓孔動脈供應.眶下管段長( 25.73±2.03) mm,寬(3.30±0.52)mm;髮齣上牙槽中神經(64％)和上牙槽前神經；該段神經由眶下動脈供應.麵段齣眶下孔髮齣上脣支、鼻支、瞼支、頰支和顴支；這些神經主要由眶下動脈和麵動脈髮齣的上脣動脈、內眥動脈供應.結論 瞭解上頜神經的行程和動脈供應的知識有助于跼部痳醉和上頜神經手術；在鼻內鏡下翼腭窩手術中,眶下神經、蝶腭孔和圓孔是重要的解剖標誌.
목적 관측상합신경적행정、분단,각단적장도、관도、분지화동맥공응.방법 취동맥관주홍색유효,복이마림고정적50측두부표본,용대체화현미해부법,종불동입로분4단해부상합신경전정,관측상합신경각단적장、관、분지화동맥공응.이SPSS 11.5진행통계학분석.결과 상합신경로중와단평균((x)±s,하동)장약(10.70±1.31)mm,관약(4.01±0.52)mm；해단신경유해면두하(외)동맥공응.익악와단장약(16.21 ± 1.80)mm,관위(3.27 ±0.62) mm;발출권신경、1～3조상아조후신경、2조신경절지화결절강지；해단신경유원공동맥공응.광하관단장( 25.73±2.03) mm,관(3.30±0.52)mm;발출상아조중신경(64％)화상아조전신경；해단신경유광하동맥공응.면단출광하공발출상진지、비지、검지、협지화권지；저사신경주요유광하동맥화면동맥발출적상진동맥、내자동맥공응.결론 료해상합신경적행정화동맥공응적지식유조우국부마취화상합신경수술；재비내경하익악와수술중,광하신경、접악공화원공시중요적해부표지.
Objective To observe the travel,divisions,and the lengths,diameters,branches,artery supplies of the main segments of maxillary nerve.Methods Fifty formalin-preserved adult half-head specimens with intravascular injection of red color emulsion were used for the gross and microanatomical studies of maxillary nerve.The lengths,diameters,branches and artery supplies of four main segments of maxillary nerve were observed.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results The length and diameter of cranial middle fossa segment of maxillary nerve were ( 10.70 ± 1.31 ) mm and (4.01 ± 0.52 )mm respectively,which was supplied by inferior-lateral cavernous sinus artery.The length and diameter of pterygopalatine fossa segment were (16.21 ± 1.80) mm and (3.27 ±0.62) mm respectively,in which one zygomatic branch, one to three posterior superior alveolar nerves, two ganglion branches and tuberal descending branches; were given off,and the segment was supplied by foramen rotundum artery.The length and diameter of infraorbital segment were ( 25.73 ± 2.03 ) mm and ( 3.30 ± 0.52 ) mm and it gave off middle superior alveolar nerve (64％) and anterior superior alveolar nerve and was supplied by infraorbital artery.Facial segment gave off superior labial branches,internal and external nasal branches,inferior palpebral branches,buccal branch and zygomatic branch and these branches were supplied by infraorbital artery and superior labial and angular artery originating from facial artery.Conclusions Understanding of travel and artery supply of maxillary nerve is helpful to regional anaesthesia and surgery for maxillary nerve.Foramen rotundum,sphenopalatine foramen and infraorbital nerve are important marks for endoscopic surgery in pterygopalatine fossa.
