中华围产医学杂志
中華圍產醫學雜誌
중화위산의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
2009年
4期
245-249
,共5页
产前营养生理学%营养调查%食品%妊娠结局
產前營養生理學%營養調查%食品%妊娠結跼
산전영양생이학%영양조사%식품%임신결국
Prenatal nutrition physiology%Nutrition surveys%Food%Pregnancy outcome
目的 调查孕妇孕期营养状况,了解孕期营养状况对妊娠结局的影响,为采取针对性的干预措施提供依据.方法 于2006年1月至2008年4月间对厦门市妇幼保健院的800例正常孕妇进行营养知识、态度及行为的调查,共734例按要求合格完成调查,记录了其中571例孕妇人组时(<孕20周)、孕26～27周、孕35～36周的多个营养素指标、妊娠结局,分析彼此间关系.结果 (1)孕妇文化程度越高,营养知识、态度及行为的科学性越高(P<0.05).734例孕妇中,39.2%(288例)的孕妇营养知识不足,44.4%(326例)营养知识匮乏,营养行为不良者占48.8%(358例).对1927份孕期膳食结构问卷分析发现孕期每天均有奶类、鱼贝类或豆类摄入者分别占52.2%、34.3%、29.5%.(2)入组时只有血清甘油三酯水平在不同体重指数(BMI)孕妇中存在差异,BMI越高甘油三酯越高(P<0.01).此外,随孕周增加,血清铁蛋白和叶酸呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05),甘油三酯,胆固醇呈显著上升趋势(P<0.01).(3)新生儿出生体重与孕20周前BMI呈正相关(r=0.23,P<0.05),入组时BMI过高是新生儿出生体重异常的危险因素(OR=4.051,95%CI:1.085～15.117,P<0.05),且剖宫产率显著高于BMI低下或正常者(60.3%与29.4%和34.7%,P<0.05).孕期孕妇血清铁蛋白水平越低,产后出血量越多(P<0.05).结论 孕前及孕期合理控制体重,孕期加强营养知识指导,增加奶类、鱼贝类及豆类食品的比例,控制高脂高糖饮食,注重红色动物性食物摄入,全程补充叶酸、铁和钙,避免血脂过高,可能降低异常体重儿、产后出血及剖宫产率,改善妊娠结局.
目的 調查孕婦孕期營養狀況,瞭解孕期營養狀況對妊娠結跼的影響,為採取針對性的榦預措施提供依據.方法 于2006年1月至2008年4月間對廈門市婦幼保健院的800例正常孕婦進行營養知識、態度及行為的調查,共734例按要求閤格完成調查,記錄瞭其中571例孕婦人組時(<孕20週)、孕26～27週、孕35～36週的多箇營養素指標、妊娠結跼,分析彼此間關繫.結果 (1)孕婦文化程度越高,營養知識、態度及行為的科學性越高(P<0.05).734例孕婦中,39.2%(288例)的孕婦營養知識不足,44.4%(326例)營養知識匱乏,營養行為不良者佔48.8%(358例).對1927份孕期膳食結構問捲分析髮現孕期每天均有奶類、魚貝類或豆類攝入者分彆佔52.2%、34.3%、29.5%.(2)入組時隻有血清甘油三酯水平在不同體重指數(BMI)孕婦中存在差異,BMI越高甘油三酯越高(P<0.01).此外,隨孕週增加,血清鐵蛋白和葉痠呈顯著下降趨勢(P<0.05),甘油三酯,膽固醇呈顯著上升趨勢(P<0.01).(3)新生兒齣生體重與孕20週前BMI呈正相關(r=0.23,P<0.05),入組時BMI過高是新生兒齣生體重異常的危險因素(OR=4.051,95%CI:1.085～15.117,P<0.05),且剖宮產率顯著高于BMI低下或正常者(60.3%與29.4%和34.7%,P<0.05).孕期孕婦血清鐵蛋白水平越低,產後齣血量越多(P<0.05).結論 孕前及孕期閤理控製體重,孕期加彊營養知識指導,增加奶類、魚貝類及豆類食品的比例,控製高脂高糖飲食,註重紅色動物性食物攝入,全程補充葉痠、鐵和鈣,避免血脂過高,可能降低異常體重兒、產後齣血及剖宮產率,改善妊娠結跼.
목적 조사잉부잉기영양상황,료해잉기영양상황대임신결국적영향,위채취침대성적간예조시제공의거.방법 우2006년1월지2008년4월간대하문시부유보건원적800례정상잉부진행영양지식、태도급행위적조사,공734례안요구합격완성조사,기록료기중571례잉부인조시(<잉20주)、잉26～27주、잉35～36주적다개영양소지표、임신결국,분석피차간관계.결과 (1)잉부문화정도월고,영양지식、태도급행위적과학성월고(P<0.05).734례잉부중,39.2%(288례)적잉부영양지식불족,44.4%(326례)영양지식궤핍,영양행위불량자점48.8%(358례).대1927빈잉기선식결구문권분석발현잉기매천균유내류、어패류혹두류섭입자분별점52.2%、34.3%、29.5%.(2)입조시지유혈청감유삼지수평재불동체중지수(BMI)잉부중존재차이,BMI월고감유삼지월고(P<0.01).차외,수잉주증가,혈청철단백화협산정현저하강추세(P<0.05),감유삼지,담고순정현저상승추세(P<0.01).(3)신생인출생체중여잉20주전BMI정정상관(r=0.23,P<0.05),입조시BMI과고시신생인출생체중이상적위험인소(OR=4.051,95%CI:1.085～15.117,P<0.05),차부궁산솔현저고우BMI저하혹정상자(60.3%여29.4%화34.7%,P<0.05).잉기잉부혈청철단백수평월저,산후출혈량월다(P<0.05).결론 잉전급잉기합리공제체중,잉기가강영양지식지도,증가내류、어패류급두류식품적비례,공제고지고당음식,주중홍색동물성식물섭입,전정보충협산、철화개,피면혈지과고,가능강저이상체중인、산후출혈급부궁산솔,개선임신결국.
Objective To investigate the maternal nutritional status and its influences on pregnancy outcomes in order to provide evidence for possible prenatal interventions.Methods A survey was conducted in 800 pregnant women,who presented at Xiamen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital between January 2006 to April 2008.The information of knowledge,attitude and behavior towards maternal nutrition were collected in 734 women and 571 women were followed up before 20 weeks of gestation,at 26-27 weeks,and 35-36 weeks to analyze the relationship between different nutrients and the pregnant outcomes.Results The questionnaire survey showed that women who had received higher education presented with better knowledge,attitude and behavior on maternal nutrition (P<0.05).Among the 734 women,39.2%(288) had poor knowledge,44.5%(326) were lack of knowledge,and 44.8%(358) with poor behavior.Prenatal diet analysis found that the percentage of these women with milk,fish and beans intake daily was 52.2%,34.3%,and 29.5%,respectively.Before 20 weeks of gestation,significant difference was identified only in the level of triglyceride among different BMI groups,and the higher the BMI,the higher the level of triglyeeride (P<0.01).With the progress of pregnancy,the level of serum ferritin and folic acid was decreasing (P<0.05),while the level of triglyceride and cholesterol was increasing (P<0.01).The newborn's birth weight was positively correlated to maternal BMI before 20 weeks (r=0.23,P<0.05),and higher BMI was a risk factor for abnormal birth weight (OR=4.051,95%CI:1.085～15.117,P<0.05) and also complicated with higher cesarean section rate than those women with lower or normal BMI (60.3%vs 29.4%and 34.7%,P<0.05).The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was increased with the reduced ferritin level (P<0.05).Conclusions The pregnancy outcomes can be improved through the following measures:appropriate control of the maternal weight before and during the pregnancy,increased intake of milk,fish,beans and so on,reduced intake of food containing abundant fat and sugar,more intake of red animal foodstuff,supplementation of folie acid,iron and calcium throughout the pregnancy,and prevention against high level of triglyceride and cholesterol.
