精细化工
精細化工
정세화공
FINE CHEMICALS
2004年
11期
808-811
,共4页
姜小明%徐志成%史福强%安静仪%赵濉%俞稼镛
薑小明%徐誌成%史福彊%安靜儀%趙濉%俞稼鏞
강소명%서지성%사복강%안정의%조수%유가용
支链三烷基苯磺酸钠%纯化%表面活性
支鏈三烷基苯磺痠鈉%純化%錶麵活性
지련삼완기분광산납%순화%표면활성
以短碳链烷基苯为原料,经酰化反应、格氏反应、催化加氢及磺化等六步反应合成了6种支链1,4,5-三烷基苯-3-磺酸钠,总收率均在21%以上.在烷基苯磺酸盐分子中,主链(-CHR1R2)取代在苯环的1位,短链R和R3分别取代在4位和5位.合成的三烷基苯磺酸盐的结构如下:(Ⅰ)R1=C3H7,R2=C4H9,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅱ)R1=C4H9,R2=C4H9,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅲ)R1=C4H9,R2=C5H11,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅳ)R1=C3H7,R2=C4H9,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7;(Ⅴ)R1=C4H9,R2=C4H9,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7;(Ⅵ)R1=C4H9,R2=C5H11,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7.用1HNMR鉴定了所合成的表面活性剂的结构,用两相滴定法测定了产品中支链三烷基苯磺酸钠的质量分数均在98%以上.用表面张力法测定了30 ℃时它们在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度(CMC)和最低表面张力(γCMC).6种表面活性剂的CMC(mmol/L)和γCMC(mN/m)分别为4.3,31.78(Ⅰ); 4.1,31.05(Ⅱ);2.8,30.75(Ⅲ);4.0,30.85(Ⅳ);2.0,30.50(Ⅴ);1.0,30.48(Ⅵ).
以短碳鏈烷基苯為原料,經酰化反應、格氏反應、催化加氫及磺化等六步反應閤成瞭6種支鏈1,4,5-三烷基苯-3-磺痠鈉,總收率均在21%以上.在烷基苯磺痠鹽分子中,主鏈(-CHR1R2)取代在苯環的1位,短鏈R和R3分彆取代在4位和5位.閤成的三烷基苯磺痠鹽的結構如下:(Ⅰ)R1=C3H7,R2=C4H9,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅱ)R1=C4H9,R2=C4H9,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅲ)R1=C4H9,R2=C5H11,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅳ)R1=C3H7,R2=C4H9,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7;(Ⅴ)R1=C4H9,R2=C4H9,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7;(Ⅵ)R1=C4H9,R2=C5H11,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7.用1HNMR鑒定瞭所閤成的錶麵活性劑的結構,用兩相滴定法測定瞭產品中支鏈三烷基苯磺痠鈉的質量分數均在98%以上.用錶麵張力法測定瞭30 ℃時它們在水溶液中的臨界膠束濃度(CMC)和最低錶麵張力(γCMC).6種錶麵活性劑的CMC(mmol/L)和γCMC(mN/m)分彆為4.3,31.78(Ⅰ); 4.1,31.05(Ⅱ);2.8,30.75(Ⅲ);4.0,30.85(Ⅳ);2.0,30.50(Ⅴ);1.0,30.48(Ⅵ).
이단탄련완기분위원료,경선화반응、격씨반응、최화가경급광화등륙보반응합성료6충지련1,4,5-삼완기분-3-광산납,총수솔균재21%이상.재완기분광산염분자중,주련(-CHR1R2)취대재분배적1위,단련R화R3분별취대재4위화5위.합성적삼완기분광산염적결구여하:(Ⅰ)R1=C3H7,R2=C4H9,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅱ)R1=C4H9,R2=C4H9,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅲ)R1=C4H9,R2=C5H11,R3=R=C2H5;(Ⅳ)R1=C3H7,R2=C4H9,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7;(Ⅴ)R1=C4H9,R2=C4H9,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7;(Ⅵ)R1=C4H9,R2=C5H11,R3=n-C3H7,R=i-C3H7.용1HNMR감정료소합성적표면활성제적결구,용량상적정법측정료산품중지련삼완기분광산납적질량분수균재98%이상.용표면장역법측정료30 ℃시타문재수용액중적림계효속농도(CMC)화최저표면장력(γCMC).6충표면활성제적CMC(mmol/L)화γCMC(mN/m)분별위4.3,31.78(Ⅰ); 4.1,31.05(Ⅱ);2.8,30.75(Ⅲ);4.0,30.85(Ⅳ);2.0,30.50(Ⅴ);1.0,30.48(Ⅵ).
