热带农业科技
熱帶農業科技
열대농업과기
$$TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TEEHNOLOGY
2011年
4期
4-7
,共4页
橡胶树%寒害%次期性害虫%小蠹虫%滇东南
橡膠樹%寒害%次期性害蟲%小蠹蟲%滇東南
상효수%한해%차기성해충%소두충%전동남
rubber tree%cold injury%seeondary pest%bark beetles%Southeastern Yunnan
调查了2011年1月云南滇东南橡胶树遭受特大寒害后，引发了以橡胶树小蠹虫类为主的次期性害虫的严重发生和危害，共调查橡胶树6541株，其中受小蠹虫危害株418株，橡胶树虫蛀率6％，共采集成虫标本232头，种类分属小蠹科Scolytidae、长小蠹科Platypodidae、锯谷盗科Siovanidae、露甲科Nitidulidae等4科4属5种，暗翅材小蠹（Xyleborus semiopacus）和对粒材小蠹（Xyleborus perforans）为优势种；调查还对由于频繁的自然灾害和长年的营养失衡导致橡胶树群体衰退是橡胶林次期性害虫大发生的潜在和根本的原因进行探讨；提出需要对滇东南植胶环境重新研究和评价，对植胶半个多世纪所依循的技术体系和经营体制进行重新审视，以期实现重大变革，使滇东南植胶业得以持续发展。
調查瞭2011年1月雲南滇東南橡膠樹遭受特大寒害後，引髮瞭以橡膠樹小蠹蟲類為主的次期性害蟲的嚴重髮生和危害，共調查橡膠樹6541株，其中受小蠹蟲危害株418株，橡膠樹蟲蛀率6％，共採集成蟲標本232頭，種類分屬小蠹科Scolytidae、長小蠹科Platypodidae、鋸穀盜科Siovanidae、露甲科Nitidulidae等4科4屬5種，暗翅材小蠹（Xyleborus semiopacus）和對粒材小蠹（Xyleborus perforans）為優勢種；調查還對由于頻繁的自然災害和長年的營養失衡導緻橡膠樹群體衰退是橡膠林次期性害蟲大髮生的潛在和根本的原因進行探討；提齣需要對滇東南植膠環境重新研究和評價，對植膠半箇多世紀所依循的技術體繫和經營體製進行重新審視，以期實現重大變革，使滇東南植膠業得以持續髮展。
조사료2011년1월운남전동남상효수조수특대한해후，인발료이상효수소두충류위주적차기성해충적엄중발생화위해，공조사상효수6541주，기중수소두충위해주418주，상효수충주솔6％，공채집성충표본232두，충류분속소두과Scolytidae、장소두과Platypodidae、거곡도과Siovanidae、로갑과Nitidulidae등4과4속5충，암시재소두（Xyleborus semiopacus）화대립재소두（Xyleborus perforans）위우세충；조사환대유우빈번적자연재해화장년적영양실형도치상효수군체쇠퇴시상효림차기성해충대발생적잠재화근본적원인진행탐토；제출수요대전동남식효배경중신연구화평개，대식효반개다세기소의순적기술체계화경영체제진행중신심시，이기실현중대변혁，사전동남식효업득이지속발전。
Secondary pests and bark beetles damaged rubber trees seriously since severe cold injury had occurred in Southeastern Yunnan in January, 2011. Investigation shows that the percent of infected tree reaches to 6%. Of 232 collected adults sampies, belong to 4 families （Scolytidae, Platypodidae, Siovanidae and Nitidulidae ）, 4 genera and 5 species in respectively, Xyleborus semiopacus Eichhoff and Xyleborus perforans Wollaston are the dominant species. Frequent natural disasters and longterm nutritional imbalance resulting in population decline was the major reason of rubber tree pest outbreak. It is suggested that review and evaluation of rubber-planting environment is needed in southeastern Yunnan, and the innovation of the technical and management system supported more than half a century is also needed. Then natural rubber industry will obtain sustainable development in Southeastern Yunnan.
