CAJ | 학술논문

近十年我国博士生教育发展很快，博士生教育质量受到质疑，焦点之一是生师比过大。从“自然”、“实然”、“应然”生师比三个概念出发，通过某所研究型大学的调查，发现人文类、社科类、理科类、工科类博士生教育的自然生师比虽然不高，但实际生师比分别达到了6．6：1、15．6：1、9．4：1、9．8：1，表明该校师资力量并不充足。进一步分析，发现博士生与博士生指导教师对生师比的满意度均不高。本文综合考虑了设置课程的学时数、教师工作量、班级规模、教师储备量等影响生师比的因素，以博导把所有工作量全部投入博士生教育为前提，推算出四大科类的合理生师比分别为6．6：1、8．6：1、8．6：1、6．6：1。
근십년아국박사생교육발전흔쾌，박사생교육질량수도질의，초점지일시생사비과대。종“자연”、“실연”、“응연”생사비삼개개념출발，통과모소연구형대학적조사，발현인문류、사과류、이과류、공과류박사생교육적자연생사비수연불고，단실제생사비분별체도료6．6：1、15．6：1、9．4：1、9．8：1，표명해교사자역량병불충족。진일보분석，발현박사생여박사생지도교사대생사비적만의도균불고。본문종합고필료설치과정적학시수、교사공작량、반급규모、교사저비량등영향생사비적인소，이박도파소유공작량전부투입박사생교육위전제，추산출사대과류적합리생사비분별위6．6：1、8．6：1、8．6：1、6．6：1。
In recent ten years, doctoral education in China develops so rapidly that its quality is questioned. One focus is student-faculty ratio is too high. From the concepts of natural, real and ideal student-faculty ratio, the article, through an investigation of a research university, finds that though the natural student-faculty ratio in human science, social science, science and engineering is not very high, the real student-faculty ratios of the four disciplines are 6.58： 1, 15.56： 1, 9.38：1, 9.8：1, which shows that the teacher resource is not enough. The further analysis shows that both the doctor candidates and their supervisors of the four disciplines are not satisfied with the ratios. Comprehensively considering the influencing factors of student-faculty ratio such as number of class hour, teachers＇ workload, class size, teachers＇ reserve, and supposing that the supervisors put all the workload into doctoral education, the article calculates that the reasonable student-faculty ratios of the four disciplines are 6.62：1, 8.64 ：, 8.55 ：, 6.58：1.