环境污染与防治
環境汙染與防治
배경오염여방치
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CONTROL
2010年
3期
34-38
,共5页
胡淑圆%谢鸣捷%王格慧%韩勤有%赵勇
鬍淑圓%謝鳴捷%王格慧%韓勤有%趙勇
호숙원%사명첩%왕격혜%한근유%조용
PM_(10)%水溶性有机碳%水溶性无机碳%无机离子%时空分布%来源
PM_(10)%水溶性有機碳%水溶性無機碳%無機離子%時空分佈%來源
PM_(10)%수용성유궤탄%수용성무궤탄%무궤리자%시공분포%래원
PM_(10)%water-soluble organic carbon%water-soluble inorganic carbon%inorganic ions%space-time distribution%origin
2008年冬、春季在宝鸡市4个不同功能区采集PM_(10)样品,探讨了PM_(10)中水溶性物质的化学组成、时空分布特征以及来源.结果表明,冬、春季PM_(10)的平均质量浓度分别为(402±100)、(410±1 60)μg/m~3,无明显季节差异,冬季以交通干道区的PM_(10)浓度为最高,而春季则以商贸区的PM_(10)浓度为最高;冬、春季PM_(10)中水溶性有机碳(WSOC)浓度最高值均出现在商贸区,最低值则分别出现在背景点和变通干道区,水溶性无机碳(WSIC)浓度最高值分别出现在交通干道区和商贸区,最低值均出现在背景点;冬、春季PM_(10)中所含大多数无机离子浓度不存在显著空间差异,但不同功能区PM_(10)中无机离子所占质量分数差异较明显;冬、春季PM_(10)中的水溶性物质质量浓度分别为207、151μg/m~3,在PM_(10)中所占质量分数分别为51%和40%,其中,冬、春季水溶性物质浓度最高的分别为居民区和商贸区;冬季PM_(10)中WSOC浓度与SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-浓度有较好的相关性,说明冬季PM_(10)中WSOC的主要组分为二次有机气溶胶.而春季PM_(10)中WSOC浓度与SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-浓度的相关性相对较差.这是由于一次有机气溶胶对WSOC的贡献率较冬季显著增大;宝鸡市与北京市大气PM_(10)浓度、PM_(10)中的SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、NH_4~+浓度最为接近;广州市大气PM_(10)中的SO_4~(2-)所占质量分数(14%)要高于北方城市(宝鸡市和北京市均为9%).
2008年鼕、春季在寶鷄市4箇不同功能區採集PM_(10)樣品,探討瞭PM_(10)中水溶性物質的化學組成、時空分佈特徵以及來源.結果錶明,鼕、春季PM_(10)的平均質量濃度分彆為(402±100)、(410±1 60)μg/m~3,無明顯季節差異,鼕季以交通榦道區的PM_(10)濃度為最高,而春季則以商貿區的PM_(10)濃度為最高;鼕、春季PM_(10)中水溶性有機碳(WSOC)濃度最高值均齣現在商貿區,最低值則分彆齣現在揹景點和變通榦道區,水溶性無機碳(WSIC)濃度最高值分彆齣現在交通榦道區和商貿區,最低值均齣現在揹景點;鼕、春季PM_(10)中所含大多數無機離子濃度不存在顯著空間差異,但不同功能區PM_(10)中無機離子所佔質量分數差異較明顯;鼕、春季PM_(10)中的水溶性物質質量濃度分彆為207、151μg/m~3,在PM_(10)中所佔質量分數分彆為51%和40%,其中,鼕、春季水溶性物質濃度最高的分彆為居民區和商貿區;鼕季PM_(10)中WSOC濃度與SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-濃度有較好的相關性,說明鼕季PM_(10)中WSOC的主要組分為二次有機氣溶膠.而春季PM_(10)中WSOC濃度與SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-濃度的相關性相對較差.這是由于一次有機氣溶膠對WSOC的貢獻率較鼕季顯著增大;寶鷄市與北京市大氣PM_(10)濃度、PM_(10)中的SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、NH_4~+濃度最為接近;廣州市大氣PM_(10)中的SO_4~(2-)所佔質量分數(14%)要高于北方城市(寶鷄市和北京市均為9%).
2008년동、춘계재보계시4개불동공능구채집PM_(10)양품,탐토료PM_(10)중수용성물질적화학조성、시공분포특정이급래원.결과표명,동、춘계PM_(10)적평균질량농도분별위(402±100)、(410±1 60)μg/m~3,무명현계절차이,동계이교통간도구적PM_(10)농도위최고,이춘계칙이상무구적PM_(10)농도위최고;동、춘계PM_(10)중수용성유궤탄(WSOC)농도최고치균출현재상무구,최저치칙분별출현재배경점화변통간도구,수용성무궤탄(WSIC)농도최고치분별출현재교통간도구화상무구,최저치균출현재배경점;동、춘계PM_(10)중소함대다수무궤리자농도불존재현저공간차이,단불동공능구PM_(10)중무궤리자소점질량분수차이교명현;동、춘계PM_(10)중적수용성물질질량농도분별위207、151μg/m~3,재PM_(10)중소점질량분수분별위51%화40%,기중,동、춘계수용성물질농도최고적분별위거민구화상무구;동계PM_(10)중WSOC농도여SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-농도유교호적상관성,설명동계PM_(10)중WSOC적주요조분위이차유궤기용효.이춘계PM_(10)중WSOC농도여SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-농도적상관성상대교차.저시유우일차유궤기용효대WSOC적공헌솔교동계현저증대;보계시여북경시대기PM_(10)농도、PM_(10)중적SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、NH_4~+농도최위접근;엄주시대기PM_(10)중적SO_4~(2-)소점질량분수(14%)요고우북방성시(보계시화북경시균위9%).
Several PM_(10) samples were collected at four functional areas of Baoji during winter and spring of 2008 to investigate the component, distribution characteristic and origin of water-soluble species in PM_(10). The results showed that the average PM_(10) concentrations in winter and spring were(402±100) and(410±160) μg/m~3 respectively, with no significant seasonal difference. The highest PM_(10) concentration was found at the traffic center in winter and downtown sites in spring. The amount of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) was highest in PM_(10) collected in downtown, and the lowest WSOC appeared in PM_(10) at background site and traffic center. For water-soluble inorganic carbon (WSIC), the highest WSIC was found at traffic center and downtown, and the lowest WSIC was found at background site. The space distribution of inorganic ions was also investigated. The concentrations of water soluble matter in winter and spring PM_(10) were 207 and 151 μg/m~3 , which account for 51 % and 40% of total PM_(10) , and residential area and downtown owned the highest amount of water soluble matter. In PM_(10) collected at winter, the concentration of WSOC was well correlated with SO_4~(2-) and NO_3~- , suggested that secondary organic aerosol was the main component of WSOC. The contribution of POA for WSOC was increased in spring for the relative poor correlation between WSOC and SO_4~(2-) and NO_3~-.
