林业科学
林業科學
임업과학
SCIENTIA SILVAE SINICAE
2001年
1期
7-14
,共8页
包维楷%刘照光%刘朝禄%袁亚夫%刘仁东
包維楷%劉照光%劉朝祿%袁亞伕%劉仁東
포유해%류조광%류조록%원아부%류인동
常绿阔叶林%自然恢复%种群动态%种群结构%材积生产 力
常綠闊葉林%自然恢複%種群動態%種群結構%材積生產 力
상록활협림%자연회복%충군동태%충군결구%재적생산 력
在瓦屋山定位研究了中亚热带湿性常绿阔叶林次生 群落15a来各乔木种群组成及其重要值、密度、大小结构、高度结构和材积生产力等的动 态变化。结果表明：自然恢复过程中次生常绿阔叶林群落乔木层物种组成变化明显，有11种 从群落乔木层消失，也有10种出现，乔木层树种多样性(丰富度)基本保持动态平衡和发展； 优势种地位保持不变，但次优势种地位得以加强；群落结构变化较大，突出表现为种群密度 、胸径和树高分布格局的变化和立体空间的分化，群落由单优或双优种向双优或多优势种发 展，由单一乔木层向多层次立体结构发展，空间加厚，群落更复杂、稳定性增强。乔木种群 平均高生长速度在24～48cm.a-1，平均DBH生长率在0.34～1.10cm.a -1，各种群生长速度差异明显，按生长速度可划分为适应性强的速生树种如细梗吴茱萸 叶五加，华木荷(平均DBH生长在0.70cm.a-1以上)，中等速度的小叶青冈、 扁刺栲(平均DBH生长在0.40cm.a-1以上)，慢生种如润楠，石栎(平均DBH 生长在0.4cm.a-1以下)；种群材积生产力高低不一，优势种扁刺栲种群材积生 产力并不是一直增长，而是在后期出现下降；次优势种增长速度较快。1997年3固定样地材 积量218～235m3.hm-2，优势种群材积生产力是群落材积生产力高低的关键。在 相同的环境条件下和各种群相互作用下，密度是各种群生长和材积生产力高低的决定因 素之一。
在瓦屋山定位研究瞭中亞熱帶濕性常綠闊葉林次生 群落15a來各喬木種群組成及其重要值、密度、大小結構、高度結構和材積生產力等的動 態變化。結果錶明：自然恢複過程中次生常綠闊葉林群落喬木層物種組成變化明顯，有11種 從群落喬木層消失，也有10種齣現，喬木層樹種多樣性(豐富度)基本保持動態平衡和髮展； 優勢種地位保持不變，但次優勢種地位得以加彊；群落結構變化較大，突齣錶現為種群密度 、胸徑和樹高分佈格跼的變化和立體空間的分化，群落由單優或雙優種嚮雙優或多優勢種髮 展，由單一喬木層嚮多層次立體結構髮展，空間加厚，群落更複雜、穩定性增彊。喬木種群 平均高生長速度在24～48cm.a-1，平均DBH生長率在0.34～1.10cm.a -1，各種群生長速度差異明顯，按生長速度可劃分為適應性彊的速生樹種如細梗吳茱萸 葉五加，華木荷(平均DBH生長在0.70cm.a-1以上)，中等速度的小葉青岡、 扁刺栲(平均DBH生長在0.40cm.a-1以上)，慢生種如潤楠，石櫟(平均DBH 生長在0.4cm.a-1以下)；種群材積生產力高低不一，優勢種扁刺栲種群材積生 產力併不是一直增長，而是在後期齣現下降；次優勢種增長速度較快。1997年3固定樣地材 積量218～235m3.hm-2，優勢種群材積生產力是群落材積生產力高低的關鍵。在 相同的環境條件下和各種群相互作用下，密度是各種群生長和材積生產力高低的決定因 素之一。
재와옥산정위연구료중아열대습성상록활협림차생 군락15a래각교목충군조성급기중요치、밀도、대소결구、고도결구화재적생산력등적동 태변화。결과표명：자연회복과정중차생상록활협림군락교목층물충조성변화명현，유11충 종군락교목층소실，야유10충출현，교목층수충다양성(봉부도)기본보지동태평형화발전； 우세충지위보지불변，단차우세충지위득이가강；군락결구변화교대，돌출표현위충군밀도 、흉경화수고분포격국적변화화입체공간적분화，군락유단우혹쌍우충향쌍우혹다우세충발 전，유단일교목층향다층차입체결구발전，공간가후，군락경복잡、은정성증강。교목충군 평균고생장속도재24～48cm.a-1，평균DBH생장솔재0.34～1.10cm.a -1，각충군생장속도차이명현，안생장속도가화분위괄응성강적속생수충여세경오수유 협오가，화목하(평균DBH생장재0.70cm.a-1이상)，중등속도적소협청강、 편자고(평균DBH생장재0.40cm.a-1이상)，만생충여윤남，석력(평균DBH 생장재0.4cm.a-1이하)；충군재적생산력고저불일，우세충편자고충군재적생 산력병불시일직증장，이시재후기출현하강；차우세충증장속도교쾌。1997년3고정양지재 적량218～235m3.hm-2，우세충군재적생산력시군락재적생산력고저적관건。재 상동적배경조건하화각충군상호작용하，밀도시각충군생장화재적생산력고저적결정인 소지일。
The present study was conducted in the secondary su btrop ical evergreen broad-leaved forests at altitude 1650～1670m in Mt.Wawusha n National Forest Park,southwestern China.In order to understand stand restoratio n dynamics,the stand structure in three permanent 0.04hm2 plots for 3～4t imes were recorded from 1982 to 1997 and expounded the changes in 15 years about tree composition,important value index,several diversity indices,structure and volume productivity of both communities and populations.The results were followe d：11 tree species disappeared and about another 10 species entered into tree lay er in the stand,keeping tree layer dynamic equilibrium and developing tree speci es diversity.The dominant species,Castanopsis platyacantha,assumed the super ior status,but its important value(Ⅳ)was decreased.The position of secondary do minant species,Schima sinense and Lithocarpus hancei, are gradually enha nced with gradually increased Ⅳ.The changes of densities,DBH and height dis tribution of tree populations displayed that the secondary evergreen forest was developed from past single or double dominant tree species to double or three do minant trees,from single tree layer to multiple levels in vertical structure.And the resulting community becomes more complicated and more stable.The growth rat es of average height and DBH of all main trees were 24～48cm.a-1 an d 0 .34～1.10cm.a-1,respectively.According to the differentiation of grow th,the main trees could be divided into three growth groups of species：fast-gro wing group including species of Schima sinense and Acanthopanax evodiaefoliu s var.gracills,slow-growing group of Machilus pingii and Lithocarpu s hancei, and the group in between of Castanopsis platyacantha and Cycl ob alanopsis myrsinaefolia. Volume productivity of the dominant population increa s ed firstly and then decreased,but the secondary tree population increased quickl y all the time.Volume productivity of all tree population in 1997 was up to betw een 218m3.hm-2 and 235m3.hm-2,and the change of dominant p opulation was a key for community productivity.The relations of DBH,height g rowt h and volume productivity in various density of the main tree populations indica ted that the densities was one of the most important factors influencing product ivity of tree populations under common environment with the interactions among t ree populations.It is suggested that there is no contradiction between tree spec ies diversity conservation and high volume productivity in forest restoration pr ocess.
