CAJ | 학술논문

金属矿床开采，一方面是开发利用自然资源，另一方面由于对土水生态环境释放重金属和酸性废水而破坏自然环境。金属矿山环境污染源于金属硫化物特别是黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿的氧化分解。金属硫化物的氧化释放出重金属离子和SO42-，黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿的氧化还释放出Fe2+、Fe3+和H+，铁（Fe2+、Fe3+）的存在和pH值的降低大大加速金属硫化物的分解和重金属元素的沉淀。铁氧化细菌的活动可以提高或催化氧化反应的速度，加速重金属的水解和沉淀。铁作为普遍存在的元素，其地球化学行为影响着金属硫化物氧化的程度和速度；铁作为主要的次生沉淀矿物，其承载矿物主导其它重金属元素的沉淀。本文介绍了碱性物质中和、湿地处理系统、覆盖隔离技术等一系列已成功地运用于金属矿山环境污染整治的实用方法，并对一些前沿整治技术作了简要介绍。
금속광상개채，일방면시개발이용자연자원，령일방면유우대토수 생태배 경석방중금속화산성폐수이파배자연배경。금속광산배경오염원우금속류화물특별시황철광 、자황철광적양화분해。금속류화물적양화석방출중금속리자화SO42-，황철광、 자황철광 적양화환석방출Fe2+、Fe3+화H+，철（Fe2+、Fe3+）적존 재화pH치적강저대대가속금속 류화물적분해화중금속원소적침정。철양화세균적활동가이제고혹최화양화반응적속도，가 속중금속적수해화침정。철작위보편존재적원소，기지구화학행위영향착금속류화물양화적 정도화속도；철작위주요적차생침정광물，기승재광물주도기타중금속원소적침정。 본문개소료감성물질중 화、습지처리계통、복개격리기술등일계렬이성공지운용우금속광산배경오염정치적실용방 법，병대일사전연정치기술작료간요개소。
The exploitation of metal deposit is for the utilization of natur al resour ces, but the exploitation produces heavy metal elements and acid mine drainage, which pollute soil-water ecosystem. Metal deposit environmental pollution origin ates from the oxidation and decomposition reaction of metal sulfides , particula rly pyrite(FeS2) and pyrrhotite (FeS).The oxidation of sulfides releases heavymetal ions and SO42-, the oxidation of pyrite and pyrrhotite produces Fe2＋,Fe3+ and H＋ in addition. Iron ions (Fe2＋,Fe3+) production and pHvalue drop greatly accelerate the velocity of sulfides decomposition and of heavy metal ions precip itation. Bacterium activity can improve or catalyze the velocity of oxidation reaction ,accelerate hydrolysis and precipitation of heavy mental ions .Iron ,asa common element, its geochemical behavior affects the oxidation degree and velocity of sulfides; iron minerals ,as primary secondary minerals, their loadi ng minerals dominate precipitation of other heavy metal elements.　A series of re mediation measures such as alkaline dosing trea tment, wetland treatment system, capping and isolation measures have been succe ss fully applied to control metal deposit environmental pollution .Finally , some advanced methods of treatments have been introduced.