中国医药
中國醫藥
중국의약
CHINA MEDICINE
2011年
10期
1226-1228
,共3页
张俊红%徐华%郑春茜%毕淑英%李晓梅
張俊紅%徐華%鄭春茜%畢淑英%李曉梅
장준홍%서화%정춘천%필숙영%리효매
婴儿%过敏性疾病%母乳喂养%人工喂养%IgE
嬰兒%過敏性疾病%母乳餵養%人工餵養%IgE
영인%과민성질병%모유위양%인공위양%IgE
Infant%Allergic disease%Breast feeding%Bottle feeding%IgE
目的 探讨早期婴儿过敏性疾病主要表现形式及影响因素。方法 2009年2月至2010年10月对2600例出生后42 d的婴儿进行回访,筛检出有特异性皮炎或有胃肠道过敏症状者,分析婴儿过敏症状与喂养方式、季节、父母过敏史等关系;对120例过敏患儿及110例正常对照儿随访6~12个月,观察发生喘息性支气管炎/急性毛细支气管炎、皮肤过敏等情况,其中部分婴儿随访前后检测血总IgE抗体、吸入过敏原特异抗体(Phadiatop)、食物过敏原特异抗体(Fx5E)、嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP),并进行比较。结果 2600例婴儿共检出过敏性疾病婴儿478例,占18.4%,其中特异性皮炎334例、有胃肠道过敏症状患儿453例,分别占12.8、17.4%,二者表现均有的309例,占11.9%。478例过敏婴儿(过敏组)中母乳喂养105例(22.0%)、混合喂养143例(29.9%),人工喂养230例(48.1%);母孕期发生过过敏性疾病及父亲有过敏史者分别占31.2%(149例)、15.1%(72例),明显高于无过敏组[分别为10.2%(216/2122)、6.0%(127/2122),均P<0.01];发生在春、夏、秋、冬分别为134例(28.0%)、72例(15.1%)、172例(36.0%)、100例(20.9%),秋季为高发季节。对120例过敏患儿及110例正常对照儿随访6~ 12个月,过敏患儿中分别有29、24例发生喘息性支气管炎/急性毛细支气管炎、皮肤过敏,发生率为24.2%和20.0%;正常对照儿中分别有16、8例发生喘息性支气管炎/急性毛细支气管炎、皮肤过敏,发生率为14.5%、7.3%,过敏患儿呼吸道过敏性疾病或皮肤过敏的发生率明显高于正常对照儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。经家长同意随访前后分别检测50、43例过敏婴儿TIgE、ECP、Phadiatop、Fx5E指标,随访后TIgE、ECP水平有升高趋势,尚无统计学意义,Phadiatop阳性率较前升高,Fx5E阳性率降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 特异性皮炎、胃肠道过敏症状是婴儿早期过敏性疾病的常见表现,与喂养方式、家族史、季节有关,人工喂养者、母孕期有过敏史、秋季发病率最高。随着年龄增长过敏表现逐渐由皮肤过敏、胃肠道症状转为呼吸道过敏性疾病,IgE介导的免疫机制增强,对呼吸道过敏原的反应增强,对食物过敏原反应减弱。
目的 探討早期嬰兒過敏性疾病主要錶現形式及影響因素。方法 2009年2月至2010年10月對2600例齣生後42 d的嬰兒進行迴訪,篩檢齣有特異性皮炎或有胃腸道過敏癥狀者,分析嬰兒過敏癥狀與餵養方式、季節、父母過敏史等關繫;對120例過敏患兒及110例正常對照兒隨訪6~12箇月,觀察髮生喘息性支氣管炎/急性毛細支氣管炎、皮膚過敏等情況,其中部分嬰兒隨訪前後檢測血總IgE抗體、吸入過敏原特異抗體(Phadiatop)、食物過敏原特異抗體(Fx5E)、嗜痠粒細胞暘離子蛋白(ECP),併進行比較。結果 2600例嬰兒共檢齣過敏性疾病嬰兒478例,佔18.4%,其中特異性皮炎334例、有胃腸道過敏癥狀患兒453例,分彆佔12.8、17.4%,二者錶現均有的309例,佔11.9%。478例過敏嬰兒(過敏組)中母乳餵養105例(22.0%)、混閤餵養143例(29.9%),人工餵養230例(48.1%);母孕期髮生過過敏性疾病及父親有過敏史者分彆佔31.2%(149例)、15.1%(72例),明顯高于無過敏組[分彆為10.2%(216/2122)、6.0%(127/2122),均P<0.01];髮生在春、夏、鞦、鼕分彆為134例(28.0%)、72例(15.1%)、172例(36.0%)、100例(20.9%),鞦季為高髮季節。對120例過敏患兒及110例正常對照兒隨訪6~ 12箇月,過敏患兒中分彆有29、24例髮生喘息性支氣管炎/急性毛細支氣管炎、皮膚過敏,髮生率為24.2%和20.0%;正常對照兒中分彆有16、8例髮生喘息性支氣管炎/急性毛細支氣管炎、皮膚過敏,髮生率為14.5%、7.3%,過敏患兒呼吸道過敏性疾病或皮膚過敏的髮生率明顯高于正常對照兒,差異有統計學意義(P<0.01)。經傢長同意隨訪前後分彆檢測50、43例過敏嬰兒TIgE、ECP、Phadiatop、Fx5E指標,隨訪後TIgE、ECP水平有升高趨勢,尚無統計學意義,Phadiatop暘性率較前升高,Fx5E暘性率降低,差異有統計學意義(P<0.01)。結論 特異性皮炎、胃腸道過敏癥狀是嬰兒早期過敏性疾病的常見錶現,與餵養方式、傢族史、季節有關,人工餵養者、母孕期有過敏史、鞦季髮病率最高。隨著年齡增長過敏錶現逐漸由皮膚過敏、胃腸道癥狀轉為呼吸道過敏性疾病,IgE介導的免疫機製增彊,對呼吸道過敏原的反應增彊,對食物過敏原反應減弱。
목적 탐토조기영인과민성질병주요표현형식급영향인소。방법 2009년2월지2010년10월대2600례출생후42 d적영인진행회방,사검출유특이성피염혹유위장도과민증상자,분석영인과민증상여위양방식、계절、부모과민사등관계;대120례과민환인급110례정상대조인수방6~12개월,관찰발생천식성지기관염/급성모세지기관염、피부과민등정황,기중부분영인수방전후검측혈총IgE항체、흡입과민원특이항체(Phadiatop)、식물과민원특이항체(Fx5E)、기산립세포양리자단백(ECP),병진행비교。결과 2600례영인공검출과민성질병영인478례,점18.4%,기중특이성피염334례、유위장도과민증상환인453례,분별점12.8、17.4%,이자표현균유적309례,점11.9%。478례과민영인(과민조)중모유위양105례(22.0%)、혼합위양143례(29.9%),인공위양230례(48.1%);모잉기발생과과민성질병급부친유과민사자분별점31.2%(149례)、15.1%(72례),명현고우무과민조[분별위10.2%(216/2122)、6.0%(127/2122),균P<0.01];발생재춘、하、추、동분별위134례(28.0%)、72례(15.1%)、172례(36.0%)、100례(20.9%),추계위고발계절。대120례과민환인급110례정상대조인수방6~ 12개월,과민환인중분별유29、24례발생천식성지기관염/급성모세지기관염、피부과민,발생솔위24.2%화20.0%;정상대조인중분별유16、8례발생천식성지기관염/급성모세지기관염、피부과민,발생솔위14.5%、7.3%,과민환인호흡도과민성질병혹피부과민적발생솔명현고우정상대조인,차이유통계학의의(P<0.01)。경가장동의수방전후분별검측50、43례과민영인TIgE、ECP、Phadiatop、Fx5E지표,수방후TIgE、ECP수평유승고추세,상무통계학의의,Phadiatop양성솔교전승고,Fx5E양성솔강저,차이유통계학의의(P<0.01)。결론 특이성피염、위장도과민증상시영인조기과민성질병적상견표현,여위양방식、가족사、계절유관,인공위양자、모잉기유과민사、추계발병솔최고。수착년령증장과민표현축점유피부과민、위장도증상전위호흡도과민성질병,IgE개도적면역궤제증강,대호흡도과민원적반응증강,대식물과민원반응감약。
0bjective To study the manifestation and affecting factors of allergic diseases in early life.Methods The atopic dermatitis or gastrointestinal allergic manifestations were diagnosed among 2600 infants of return visit at 42-day follow-up. The association between the diseases onsets and the feeding manners, seasons and the allergic history of parents was analyzed. 120 patients were followed up for 6-12 months, observed the onsets of asthmatic bronchitis/acute bronchiolitis, skin allergy. The blood total IgE(TIgE) levels, Phadiatop, Fx5E, eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) of some patients were measured and compared before and after follow up. Results Totally 478 infants( 18.4% ) with atopic diseases were detected among 2600 infants during 42 days' follow up. The percentage of infants with atopic dermatitis was17.4% and the percentage of gastrointestinal allergy was 12.8%. 22.0%,29.9%, and 48.1% of those patients who had breastfeeding, mixed-feeding, bottle-feeding respectively. The allergic diseases occurred much more frequently in Autumn. About 31.2% of mothers of patients suffered from allergic diseases during gestation periods and 15.1% of fathers had allergic histories, which was more common than the parents with normal children(P <0.05). Among 120 patients, 24.2% and 20.0% infants had suffered from asthmatic bronchitis or dermatitis during the follow up period, which was more common than the parents with normal children.The serum levels of TIgE, ECP increased, but the difference was not significant ( P > 0.05 ). The percentage of Phadiatop positivity increased and Fx5E positivity decreased after follow up( P < 0.01 ). Conclusions The atopic dermatitis and gastrointestinal allergic symptoms are common manifestations of the allergic diseases in infants and they are associated with feeding manners, family history and seasons. The skin allergy and gastrointestinal symptoms may change into respiratory allergic diseases.