CAJ | 학술논문

目的无前螨亚科Walchiinae Ewing,1946与甲逦螨亚科Gahrliepiinae Womersley,1952两者孰为符合动物命名法规的优先名,争论自1952年起经有半个世纪.无前螨亚科的建立是以无前螨属Walchia Ewing,1931为模式属在先,以后甲逦螨亚科的建立是以甲逦螨属Gahrliepia Oudemans,1912为模式属,将无前螨属置于其亚属.现两属均为有效属.作者(1999)对于该两亚科赋予各自新的特征,并提升无前螨亚科为科级阶元,无前螨科Walchiidae(Ewing,1946)Wen,1999.无前螨科的特征为SIF=4B/4Bs/5B/6B-N/B-3/2-2(1)1(0)1(0)0.0000,螨体小至大型,IP=320～1220.盾板小至大型,在背面向后伸展,五角形后端尖锐或呈舌形.不具前中毛(AM或vi)和前中突(A或N=0),盾板基本毛式为AL和PL各一对,常有附加毛PPLs 2～40支不等,少数还有间毛(IM)1～2对.感器(Sn或sci)全为短棒杆形.足节式fSP=7.6.6恒定.盾板AM的退化、足节的增多、体触觉毛的减少是沙螨(恙螨)的衍征,意味无前螨科比沙螨科(恙螨科)Trombiculidae(Ewing,1929)和列螨科Leeuwenhoekiidae(Womersley,1944)进化,三科综合为沙螨总科Trombiculoidea (Ewing,1929)nec Welbourn,1991 sensu Wen,1999,可使脊椎动物寄生的沙螨与节肢动物寄生的绒螨总科Trombidioidea 区分,并且进化程度高于后者.无前螨科分为两个亚科,又各分为两族,无前螨亚科分为无前螨族Walchiini(Ewing,1946)Wen,1984和棒六螨族Schoengastiellini Wen,1984;甲逦螨亚科分为甲逦螨族Gahrliepiini(Womersley,1952)sensu Wen 1984,和间毛螨族Intermedialiini Wen,1984.全科含18属与28亚属,命名种248种与亚种.无前螨科是旧大陆的沙螨,在东洋界发展繁荣,其发源中心在东南亚.
목적무전만아과Walchiinae Ewing,1946여갑리만아과Gahrliepiinae Womersley,1952량자숙위부합동물명명법규적우선명,쟁론자1952년기경유반개세기.무전만아과적건립시이무전만속Walchia Ewing,1931위모식속재선,이후갑리만아과적건립시이갑리만속Gahrliepia Oudemans,1912위모식속,장무전만속치우기아속.현량속균위유효속.작자(1999)대우해량아과부여각자신적특정,병제승무전만아과위과급계원,무전만과Walchiidae(Ewing,1946)Wen,1999.무전만과적특정위SIF=4B/4Bs/5B/6B-N/B-3/2-2(1)1(0)1(0)0.0000,만체소지대형,IP=320～1220.순판소지대형,재배면향후신전,오각형후단첨예혹정설형.불구전중모(AM혹vi)화전중돌(A혹N=0),순판기본모식위AL화PL각일대,상유부가모PPLs 2～40지불등,소수환유간모(IM)1～2대.감기(Sn혹sci)전위단봉간형.족절식fSP=7.6.6항정.순판AM적퇴화、족절적증다、체촉각모적감소시사만(양만)적연정,의미무전만과비사만과(양만과)Trombiculidae(Ewing,1929)화렬만과Leeuwenhoekiidae(Womersley,1944)진화,삼과종합위사만총과Trombiculoidea (Ewing,1929)nec Welbourn,1991 sensu Wen,1999,가사척추동물기생적사만여절지동물기생적융만총과Trombidioidea 구분,병차진화정도고우후자.무전만과분위량개아과,우각분위량족,무전만아과분위무전만족Walchiini(Ewing,1946)Wen,1984화봉륙만족Schoengastiellini Wen,1984;갑리만아과분위갑리만족Gahrliepiini(Womersley,1952)sensu Wen 1984,화간모만족Intermedialiini Wen,1984.전과함18속여28아속,명명충248충여아충.무전만과시구대륙적사만,재동양계발전번영,기발원중심재동남아.
The priority of Walchiinae Ewing, 1946 based on Walchia Ewing, 1931 or Gahrliepiinae Womersley, 1952based on Gahrliepia Oudemans, 1912 as Walchia regarded as subgeneric taxon had been a controversy for almost half a century since 1952. Both genera are valid now. Wen (1999) redefined both subfamilial characters and in turn promoted Walchiinae to a full familial status.Walchiidae (Ewing, 1946) Wen, 1999 is characterized by SIF =4B/4Bs/5B/6B-N/B-3/2-2( 1 ) 1 (0) 1 (0)0. 0000, small to large sized sand-mites, IP = 320 - 1220. Scutum is small to large size, extending backward over part of dorsum, and pentagonal with acuminate posterior angle or tongue-shaped. The scutum is never provided with anteromedian setae (AM or vi) and anteromedian projection (A or N =0). Scutal setae have AL and PL pairs basically, frequently in addition with 2 -40 accessories (PPLs), and rarely 1 -2pairs of intermedial setae (IM). Sensillae (Sn or sci) are short and expanded. Leg segments are 7.6.6 always without variations.Casting off the anteromedian setae on scutum, increasing the leg segments and reducing the tactile body setae are the plesiomorphic characters of sand-mites, that means Walchiidae in higher advance of evolution than both Trombiculidae (Ewing, 1929 )and Leeuwenhoekiidae (Womersley, 1944). It is rationally to unify three families of vertebrate parasitic larvae into a single superfamily, Trombiculoidea nec Welbourn ( 1991 ) , that separable from superfamily Trombidioidea of arthropod parasitic larvae and standing at most advanced evolution of Parasitengona.Family Walchiidae has 2 subfamilies, Walchiinae Ewing, 1946 sensu Wen 1999 and Gahrliepiinae Womersley, 1952, sensu Wen 1999. Each subfamily contains two tribes, Walchiini (Ewing, 1946) Wen 1984 and Schoengastiellini Wen 1984 for Walchiinae, and Gahrliepiini sensu Wen 1984 and Intermedialiini Wen, 1984 for Gahrliepiinae. Currently this family has 18 genera and 28 subgenera, 248 nominated species and subspecies. Walchiid sand-mites are essentially an Old World family and best developed in the Oriental Region with the center of development in Southeast Asia.