中国地方病学杂志
中國地方病學雜誌
중국지방병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENDEMIOLOGY
2009年
2期
206-208
,共3页
陈白云%罗剑龙%罗华%马雪梅%王磊
陳白雲%囉劍龍%囉華%馬雪梅%王磊
진백운%라검룡%라화%마설매%왕뢰
砷化物%饮水%筛查
砷化物%飲水%篩查
신화물%음수%사사
Arsenide%Drinking%Screening
目的 了解云南省大理州高砷水分布和当地居民高砷暴露状况.方法 在大理州12个县(市),采取筛查和抽样调查相结合的方法抽取自然村,以村为单位采集居民饮水水样,半定量方法检测水砷;对水砷≥0.03 mg/L的水样.采用二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银比色法或原子荧光光度法进行复检;统计大理州高砷暴露总人口和儿童人口数.结果 共对2639个自然村进行了水砷筛查,检测水样15 180份,检出水砷<0.01 mg/L的水样14 976份,占98.66%(14 976/15 180);≥0.05 mg/L水样110份,占0.72%(110/15 180);有超标水源(≥0.05 mg/L)的自然村29个,占筛查自然村的1.10%(29/2639).在检测的水样中,井水10 399份(水井深度均在10 m以内)、山泉水3903份、河水93份、温泉水69份、水库水26份、地表水690份.在≥0.05 mg/L的水样中,井水89份,占0.86%(89/10 399);山泉水15份,占0.38%(15/3903);温泉水6份,占8.70%(6/69).共筛查人口 1 561 553人,占总人口数的67.83%(1 561 553/2 302 157),其中儿童420 513人,占筛查总人数的26.93%(420 513/1 561 553):高砷暴露人口27 865人,占总筛查人口的1.78%(27 865/1 561 553);儿童暴露人口8993人,占筛查儿童数的2.14%(8993/420 513).结论 云南省大理州存在高砷饮用水源,当地居民暴露在高砷危害中,应尽快开展砷中毒病情调查,预防和控制砷中毒的发生.
目的 瞭解雲南省大理州高砷水分佈和噹地居民高砷暴露狀況.方法 在大理州12箇縣(市),採取篩查和抽樣調查相結閤的方法抽取自然村,以村為單位採集居民飲水水樣,半定量方法檢測水砷;對水砷≥0.03 mg/L的水樣.採用二乙氨基二硫代甲痠銀比色法或原子熒光光度法進行複檢;統計大理州高砷暴露總人口和兒童人口數.結果 共對2639箇自然村進行瞭水砷篩查,檢測水樣15 180份,檢齣水砷<0.01 mg/L的水樣14 976份,佔98.66%(14 976/15 180);≥0.05 mg/L水樣110份,佔0.72%(110/15 180);有超標水源(≥0.05 mg/L)的自然村29箇,佔篩查自然村的1.10%(29/2639).在檢測的水樣中,井水10 399份(水井深度均在10 m以內)、山泉水3903份、河水93份、溫泉水69份、水庫水26份、地錶水690份.在≥0.05 mg/L的水樣中,井水89份,佔0.86%(89/10 399);山泉水15份,佔0.38%(15/3903);溫泉水6份,佔8.70%(6/69).共篩查人口 1 561 553人,佔總人口數的67.83%(1 561 553/2 302 157),其中兒童420 513人,佔篩查總人數的26.93%(420 513/1 561 553):高砷暴露人口27 865人,佔總篩查人口的1.78%(27 865/1 561 553);兒童暴露人口8993人,佔篩查兒童數的2.14%(8993/420 513).結論 雲南省大理州存在高砷飲用水源,噹地居民暴露在高砷危害中,應儘快開展砷中毒病情調查,預防和控製砷中毒的髮生.
목적 료해운남성대리주고신수분포화당지거민고신폭로상황.방법 재대리주12개현(시),채취사사화추양조사상결합적방법추취자연촌,이촌위단위채집거민음수수양,반정량방법검측수신;대수신≥0.03 mg/L적수양.채용이을안기이류대갑산은비색법혹원자형광광도법진행복검;통계대리주고신폭로총인구화인동인구수.결과 공대2639개자연촌진행료수신사사,검측수양15 180빈,검출수신<0.01 mg/L적수양14 976빈,점98.66%(14 976/15 180);≥0.05 mg/L수양110빈,점0.72%(110/15 180);유초표수원(≥0.05 mg/L)적자연촌29개,점사사자연촌적1.10%(29/2639).재검측적수양중,정수10 399빈(수정심도균재10 m이내)、산천수3903빈、하수93빈、온천수69빈、수고수26빈、지표수690빈.재≥0.05 mg/L적수양중,정수89빈,점0.86%(89/10 399);산천수15빈,점0.38%(15/3903);온천수6빈,점8.70%(6/69).공사사인구 1 561 553인,점총인구수적67.83%(1 561 553/2 302 157),기중인동420 513인,점사사총인수적26.93%(420 513/1 561 553):고신폭로인구27 865인,점총사사인구적1.78%(27 865/1 561 553);인동폭로인구8993인,점사사인동수적2.14%(8993/420 513).결론 운남성대리주존재고신음용수원,당지거민폭로재고신위해중,응진쾌개전신중독병정조사,예방화공제신중독적발생.
Objective To find out the distribution characteristics of drinking water with high arsenic in Dali Prefecture, Yunnan. Methods General investigation plus sampling survey was adopted in the city of Dali and 11 counties. The arsenic content in water was tested by half-quantitative fast reagent-box method. The water samples exceeding the standard(≥0.03 mg/L) were re-tested by silver diethyldithiocarbamate eolorimetric method or mercury-atomic fluorescence spectrometric method. Population and children exposed by high-arsenic were statistically analyzed. Results Arsenic content in 15 180 samples from 2639 villages are screened, of which 14 976 samples were less than 0.01 mg/L, reaching 98.66% (14 976/15 180); 110 samples was no less than 0.05 mg/L, only accounting for 0.72%(110/15 180). Water sources with excessive arsenic was found in 29 villages, in a percentage of 1.1% of all covered villages(29/2639). The samples were constituted of 10 399 portions of well water(well was less than 10 m deep), 3903 from spring, 93 from river water, 69 from hot spring water, 26 from reservoir water and 690 from surface water. And for the samples which arsenic content were ≥0.05 mg/L, 89 samples(0.86%, 89/10 399) were from well water, 15 from spring water(0.38%, 15/3903) and 6 from spring water(8.70%, 6/69). A total of 1 561 553 individuals were investigated, in a percentage of 67.83%(1 561 553/2 302 156) of the whole population, among those 420 513 were children, rating 26.93% of the investigated population(420 513/1 561 553); 27 865 were exposed to arsenic, accounting for 1.78% of the investigated population 27 865/1 561 553; 8993 children were exposed, rating 2.14% of the investigated population(8993/420 513). Conclusions There exists high-arsenic water resources in Dali Prefecture, Yunan, so the local inhabitants are in the danger of high-arsenic exposure. Urgent attention shall be paid for the endemic arsenic including investigation, prevention and control.
