中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2008年
z1期
118-122
,共5页
高胆固醇血症%膳食%谷物
高膽固醇血癥%膳食%穀物
고담고순혈증%선식%곡물
Hypercholesterolaemia%Diet%Cereals
目的 分析我国中老年人群高胆固醇(TC)血症的膳食影响因素.方法 利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查的资料,根据区域分布特点和饮食习惯,抽取东南沿海地区、西南内陆地区和中部内陆地区共23个省的45岁及以上人群17 545名,分析高TC血症和TC正常组的膳食模式差异,并采用logistic回归分析模型分析高TC血症的膳食影响因素.根据2007年<中国成人血脂异常防治指南>中推荐的标准,TC≥6.22 mmol/L为高TC血症.结果 中老年人群高TC血症组的肉类、蛋类摄入量分别为146.2 g/d和26.3 g/d,均为TC正常组的1.3倍.高TC血症组的粮谷类食物摄入量和碳水化合物供能比分别为352.9 g/d和52.9%,TC正常组的粮谷类食物摄入量和碳水化合物供能比分别为411.5 g/d和57.7%,均高于高TC血症组(粮谷类食物摄入量:t=6.51,P＜0.01;碳水化合物供能比:t=7.18,P＜0.01).肉类消费＜50 g、50～99 g、100 g～组高TC血症患病率分别为1.6%、2.2%和2.5%(组间趋势性检验,x2=14.4,P＜0.01);蛋类消费＜50 g、50～99 g、100 g～组高TC血症患病率分别为1.9%、2.8%和2.7%(x2=8.6,P=0.007);动、植物摄人量比＜0.2、0.2～0.39、0.4～组高TC血症患病率分别为1.5%、2.2%和3.6%(x2=59.4,P＜0.01);脂肪供能比＜20%、20%～、40%～组高TC血症患病率分别为1.3%、2.0%和3.1%(x2=26.7,P＜0.01).粮谷类消费＜300 g、300～499 g、500 g～组高TC血症患病率分别为3.4%、1.8%和1.3%(x2=58.3,P＜0.01);碳水化合物供能比＜40%、40%～、60%～组高TC血症患病率分别为3.5%、2.4%和1.4%(x2=37.3,P＜0.01).在控制年龄、性别、城乡、地区、热能摄入、看电视时间、BMI和吸烟后,肉类摄入量(β=0.16,P＜0.01)、动植物摄入量之比(β=0.11,P＜0.01)与高TC血症正相关,碳水化合物供能比与高TC血症负相关(β=-0.28,P＜0.01).结论 高脂、高胆同醇的动物性食物是高TC血症的重要危险因素,而粮谷类食物则具有保护性作用.高TC血症的高危人群和患者应尽量减少动物性食物摄入量,在控制总能量的前提下适当增加粮谷类食物摄入量.
目的 分析我國中老年人群高膽固醇(TC)血癥的膳食影響因素.方法 利用2002年中國居民營養與健康狀況調查的資料,根據區域分佈特點和飲食習慣,抽取東南沿海地區、西南內陸地區和中部內陸地區共23箇省的45歲及以上人群17 545名,分析高TC血癥和TC正常組的膳食模式差異,併採用logistic迴歸分析模型分析高TC血癥的膳食影響因素.根據2007年<中國成人血脂異常防治指南>中推薦的標準,TC≥6.22 mmol/L為高TC血癥.結果 中老年人群高TC血癥組的肉類、蛋類攝入量分彆為146.2 g/d和26.3 g/d,均為TC正常組的1.3倍.高TC血癥組的糧穀類食物攝入量和碳水化閤物供能比分彆為352.9 g/d和52.9%,TC正常組的糧穀類食物攝入量和碳水化閤物供能比分彆為411.5 g/d和57.7%,均高于高TC血癥組(糧穀類食物攝入量:t=6.51,P＜0.01;碳水化閤物供能比:t=7.18,P＜0.01).肉類消費＜50 g、50～99 g、100 g～組高TC血癥患病率分彆為1.6%、2.2%和2.5%(組間趨勢性檢驗,x2=14.4,P＜0.01);蛋類消費＜50 g、50～99 g、100 g～組高TC血癥患病率分彆為1.9%、2.8%和2.7%(x2=8.6,P=0.007);動、植物攝人量比＜0.2、0.2～0.39、0.4～組高TC血癥患病率分彆為1.5%、2.2%和3.6%(x2=59.4,P＜0.01);脂肪供能比＜20%、20%～、40%～組高TC血癥患病率分彆為1.3%、2.0%和3.1%(x2=26.7,P＜0.01).糧穀類消費＜300 g、300～499 g、500 g～組高TC血癥患病率分彆為3.4%、1.8%和1.3%(x2=58.3,P＜0.01);碳水化閤物供能比＜40%、40%～、60%～組高TC血癥患病率分彆為3.5%、2.4%和1.4%(x2=37.3,P＜0.01).在控製年齡、性彆、城鄉、地區、熱能攝入、看電視時間、BMI和吸煙後,肉類攝入量(β=0.16,P＜0.01)、動植物攝入量之比(β=0.11,P＜0.01)與高TC血癥正相關,碳水化閤物供能比與高TC血癥負相關(β=-0.28,P＜0.01).結論 高脂、高膽同醇的動物性食物是高TC血癥的重要危險因素,而糧穀類食物則具有保護性作用.高TC血癥的高危人群和患者應儘量減少動物性食物攝入量,在控製總能量的前提下適噹增加糧穀類食物攝入量.
목적 분석아국중노년인군고담고순(TC)혈증적선식영향인소.방법 이용2002년중국거민영양여건강상황조사적자료,근거구역분포특점화음식습관,추취동남연해지구、서남내륙지구화중부내륙지구공23개성적45세급이상인군17 545명,분석고TC혈증화TC정상조적선식모식차이,병채용logistic회귀분석모형분석고TC혈증적선식영향인소.근거2007년<중국성인혈지이상방치지남>중추천적표준,TC≥6.22 mmol/L위고TC혈증.결과 중노년인군고TC혈증조적육류、단류섭입량분별위146.2 g/d화26.3 g/d,균위TC정상조적1.3배.고TC혈증조적량곡류식물섭입량화탄수화합물공능비분별위352.9 g/d화52.9%,TC정상조적량곡류식물섭입량화탄수화합물공능비분별위411.5 g/d화57.7%,균고우고TC혈증조(량곡류식물섭입량:t=6.51,P＜0.01;탄수화합물공능비:t=7.18,P＜0.01).육류소비＜50 g、50～99 g、100 g～조고TC혈증환병솔분별위1.6%、2.2%화2.5%(조간추세성검험,x2=14.4,P＜0.01);단류소비＜50 g、50～99 g、100 g～조고TC혈증환병솔분별위1.9%、2.8%화2.7%(x2=8.6,P=0.007);동、식물섭인량비＜0.2、0.2～0.39、0.4～조고TC혈증환병솔분별위1.5%、2.2%화3.6%(x2=59.4,P＜0.01);지방공능비＜20%、20%～、40%～조고TC혈증환병솔분별위1.3%、2.0%화3.1%(x2=26.7,P＜0.01).량곡류소비＜300 g、300～499 g、500 g～조고TC혈증환병솔분별위3.4%、1.8%화1.3%(x2=58.3,P＜0.01);탄수화합물공능비＜40%、40%～、60%～조고TC혈증환병솔분별위3.5%、2.4%화1.4%(x2=37.3,P＜0.01).재공제년령、성별、성향、지구、열능섭입、간전시시간、BMI화흡연후,육류섭입량(β=0.16,P＜0.01)、동식물섭입량지비(β=0.11,P＜0.01)여고TC혈증정상관,탄수화합물공능비여고TC혈증부상관(β=-0.28,P＜0.01).결론 고지、고담동순적동물성식물시고TC혈증적중요위험인소,이량곡류식물칙구유보호성작용.고TC혈증적고위인군화환자응진량감소동물성식물섭입량,재공제총능량적전제하괄당증가량곡류식물섭입량.
Objective To analyze the dietary effect on hypercholesterolaemia in middle-aged and aged Chinese population,and to provide scientific basis for pertinent dietary preventive management for hypercholesterolaemia.Method 17 545 suhjects aged 45 and above were selected from the data of"2002 China National Nutrition Survey"according to their dietary habit and regional distribution character,who were from southeast seaside,southwest inland and mid inland,including 23 provinces.We analyzed the difference of dietary pattern between the group of hypercholesterolaemia and the group of normal TC level.We also analyzed the dietary effect factors by logistic regress model.The hypercholesterolaemia was defined by the criteria of TC≥6.22 mmol/L,recommend by the Prevention and Cure Guide for Dyslipidemia of Chinese Adults,2007.Results The consumption volume of meat and egg in the group of hypercholesterolaemia was 146.2 g/d and 26.3 g/d,respectively,both were 1.3 times of those in the TC normal group.The consumption volume of cereal and the percentage of energy from carbohydrate for hypercholesterolaemia group was 352.9 g/d and 52.9%,respectively.And for the TC normal group,The consumption volume of cereal and the percentage of energy from carbohydrate was 411.5 g/d and 57.7%,respectively,which both were significantly higher than those of the hypercholesterolaemia group(for cereal intake:t=6.51,P＜0.01;for the percentage of energy from carbohydrate:t=7.18,P＜0.01).The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia in the group of meat consumption＜50 g,50-99 g,100 g-was 1.6%,2.2%and 2.5%,respectively(trend test for groups comparison:x2=14.4,P＜0.01).The prevalence in the group of egg consumption＜50g,50-99 g,100 g-was1.9%,2.8%and 2.7%,respectively(x2=8.6,P＜0.01).The prevalence in the group of the ratio of animal food to plant food＜0.2,0.2-0.4 and 0.4-was 1.5%,2.2%and 3.6%,respectively(x2=59.4,P＜0.01).The prevalence in the group of the percentage of energy from fat＜20%,20%-40%,40%-was 1.3%,2.0%and 3.1%,respectively(x2=26.7,P＜0.01).The prevalence in the group of cereal consumption＜300g,300-499g and 500g-was 3.4%,1.8%and 1.3%,respectively(x2=58.3,P＜0.01).The prevalence in the group of the percentage of energy from carbohydrate＜40%,40%-and60%-was 3.5%,2.4%and 1.4%,respectively(x2=37.3,P＜0.01).After controlling the influence of age,sex,urban and rural region,energy intake,time of watching TV,smoking and BMI,meat consumption(β=0.16,P＜0.01)and the ratio of animal food to plant food(β=0.11,P=0.01)were positively related with hypercholesterolaemia,and the percentage of energy from carbohydrate was negatively related with hypercholesterclaemia(β=-0.28,P＜0.01).Conclusion Animal foodrich in fat and cholesterol is an important risk factor for hypercholesterclaemia while cereal food is a protective factor.People who stiffer hypercholesterolaemia or in high risk of the hypercholesterolaemia should decrease animal food consumption and increase cereal food consumption into a reasonable range as the total energy intake was controlled.
