中国地方病学杂志
中國地方病學雜誌
중국지방병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENDEMIOLOGY
2009年
2期
187-190
,共4页
氟化物中毒%饮水%数据收集
氟化物中毒%飲水%數據收集
불화물중독%음수%수거수집
Fluoride poisoning%Drinking%Data collection
目的 了解2006年甘肃省地方性氟中毒病区水氟分布和降氟改水工程现状.方法 在18个病区县(市、区)对未改水病区村进行高氟水源筛查,对20世纪80年代以来各县(市、区)所建设的全部改水工程进行监督、检测,用氟离子选择电极法测定水氟.结果 共筛查18个县(市、区)、1252个村的不同类型饮用水水源6260处,水氟≤1.0 mg/L的占63.50%(3975/6260),水氟>1.0 mg/L的占36.50%(2285/6260).调查16个县(市、区)的各类改水工程997处,正常供水工程占95.49%(952/997).间歇供水工程和已报废工程分别占3.11%(31/997)和1.40%(14/997).检测983处工程水源水,水氟均值合格工程占91.76%(902/983),水氟均值超标工程占8.24%(81/983);检测934处工程的出厂水和末梢水,水氟均值合格工程分别占92.08%(860/934)和91.97%(859/934),水氟均值超标工程分别占7.92%(74/934)和8.03%(75/934).降氟改水工程以打井和集流水窖为主,水源类型主要以地表水和地下水为主.结论 在调查的县(市、区)中,仍有部分村水源水氟超标,少部分改水工程报废或间歇运行,少部分改水工程不符合防病要求,氟危害依然存在,须尽快落实降氟改水措施和加强降氟改水工程的维护和管理.
目的 瞭解2006年甘肅省地方性氟中毒病區水氟分佈和降氟改水工程現狀.方法 在18箇病區縣(市、區)對未改水病區村進行高氟水源篩查,對20世紀80年代以來各縣(市、區)所建設的全部改水工程進行鑑督、檢測,用氟離子選擇電極法測定水氟.結果 共篩查18箇縣(市、區)、1252箇村的不同類型飲用水水源6260處,水氟≤1.0 mg/L的佔63.50%(3975/6260),水氟>1.0 mg/L的佔36.50%(2285/6260).調查16箇縣(市、區)的各類改水工程997處,正常供水工程佔95.49%(952/997).間歇供水工程和已報廢工程分彆佔3.11%(31/997)和1.40%(14/997).檢測983處工程水源水,水氟均值閤格工程佔91.76%(902/983),水氟均值超標工程佔8.24%(81/983);檢測934處工程的齣廠水和末梢水,水氟均值閤格工程分彆佔92.08%(860/934)和91.97%(859/934),水氟均值超標工程分彆佔7.92%(74/934)和8.03%(75/934).降氟改水工程以打井和集流水窖為主,水源類型主要以地錶水和地下水為主.結論 在調查的縣(市、區)中,仍有部分村水源水氟超標,少部分改水工程報廢或間歇運行,少部分改水工程不符閤防病要求,氟危害依然存在,鬚儘快落實降氟改水措施和加彊降氟改水工程的維護和管理.
목적 료해2006년감숙성지방성불중독병구수불분포화강불개수공정현상.방법 재18개병구현(시、구)대미개수병구촌진행고불수원사사,대20세기80년대이래각현(시、구)소건설적전부개수공정진행감독、검측,용불리자선택전겁법측정수불.결과 공사사18개현(시、구)、1252개촌적불동류형음용수수원6260처,수불≤1.0 mg/L적점63.50%(3975/6260),수불>1.0 mg/L적점36.50%(2285/6260).조사16개현(시、구)적각류개수공정997처,정상공수공정점95.49%(952/997).간헐공수공정화이보폐공정분별점3.11%(31/997)화1.40%(14/997).검측983처공정수원수,수불균치합격공정점91.76%(902/983),수불균치초표공정점8.24%(81/983);검측934처공정적출엄수화말소수,수불균치합격공정분별점92.08%(860/934)화91.97%(859/934),수불균치초표공정분별점7.92%(74/934)화8.03%(75/934).강불개수공정이타정화집류수교위주,수원류형주요이지표수화지하수위주.결론 재조사적현(시、구)중,잉유부분촌수원수불초표,소부분개수공정보폐혹간헐운행,소부분개수공정불부합방병요구,불위해의연존재,수진쾌락실강불개수조시화가강강불개수공정적유호화관리.
Objective To investigate the distribution of water fluoride and the present status of water-improving defuoridation projects in the endmie fluorosis areas in Gansu Province in 2006. Methods The content of fluoride in drinking water in 18 endemic disease counties was screened, and the defluoridation projects built after the 1980s were supervised and inspected. The content of fluoride in drinking water was assessed by F-ion selective electrode. Results Fluoride content was determined in water of 6260 sources in 1252 fluorosis villages in 18 counties, with 63.50% (3975/6260)≤1.0 mg/L and 36.50%(2285/6260)>1.0 mg/L. Nine hundred and ninty-seven water-improving and clefluoridation projects had been investigated in 16 counties, among which 95.49% (952/997) were function well, and projects intermittently running or abandoned respectively accounted for 3.11% (31/997) and 1.40%(14/997). Nine hundred and eighty-three sources of water treated by the water-improving and defluoridation projects had been determined for fluoride content, it turned out that 91.76% (902/983) were within the standard, only 8.24% (81/983) were not; as for outlet and leftover water of 934 water-improving and defluoridatian projects determined for water fluoride content, qualified projects accounted for 92.08% (860/934) and 91.97%(859/934), leaving 7.92%(74/934) and 8.03%(75/934) disqualified, respectively. Water-improving and defluoridation projects mostly relied on drilling a well in gaining under-ground water or collecting surface-ground water, so under-ground water and surface-ground water are the majority. Conclusions Water fluoride content exceeds the standard in some of the villages. A few projects do not function well. Fluorosis damage still exists in Gansu Province, therefore countermeasures for endemic fluorosis must be carried out as promptly as possible and surveillance on water-improving and defluoridation projects must be strengthened and managed.
