CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究短时间不同剂量UV-B辐射对冬小麦幼苗叶片生理指标的影响,为进一步研究植物应答短时间紫外线照射的机理提供参考.[方法]以冬小麦为试验材料,采用15和30 μW/cm2的UV-B照射强度对冬小麦幼苗进行短时间照射处理.测定指标包括:①反射光谱值.用Unispec光谱仪测定反射光谱,并计算所得参数,评价UV-B处理前后叶片叶绿素、花色素苷、类胡萝卜素含量、水分含量以及光合强度的变化,每处理测定10片叶;②可溶性蛋白含量.采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法测定叶片的可溶性蛋白含量,牛血清蛋白作为对照;③荧光参数(Fv/Fm):将待测叶片暗反应20 min后,用OS-30P荧光仪测定部位同叶色,每处理测定5片叶;④相对电导率.采用Martineau等的方法测定;⑤丙二醛(MDA):采用邹琦的方法测定.测定项目②～⑤均重复5次.[结果]UV-B处理导致叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量以及含水量都降低,且存在剂量效应,30 μW/cm2的降幅大于15 μW/cm2;UV-B辐射导致花色素苷和类黄酮含量下降,尤其是处理后2 h下降幅度最大,2种剂量的UV-B处理间差异不大.随着处理时间的延长,花色素苷含量呈逐渐上升趋势,其中,30 μW/cm2处理的略高于15 μW/cm2处理.UV-B辐射处理对类胡萝卜素含量的影响与花青素相同,均表现为先下降后上升的趋势,2种剂量间差异不大;2种剂量的UV-B处理均抑制了PSⅡ的电子传递,尤其是处理2 h的抑制作用最大,4、6和8 h的抑制有所缓解,且存在剂量效应;2种剂量的UV-B辐射均抑制了叶片的光合速率,随着照射时间的延长抑制效应加大;MDA和相对电导率在照射2 h后明显增加,说明高剂量的UV-B处理对膜系统的损伤较大,低剂量的UV-B处理结果不明显.[结论]短时间的UV-B辐射处理对冬小麦幼苗叶片的影响具有剂量效应,高剂量比低剂量的作用效果大.且随着处理时间的延长,受害程度有所减轻,该结果与长时间UV-B照射的结果不同. [目的]研究短時間不同劑量UV-B輻射對鼕小麥幼苗葉片生理指標的影響,為進一步研究植物應答短時間紫外線照射的機理提供參攷.[方法]以鼕小麥為試驗材料,採用15和30 μW/cm2的UV-B照射彊度對鼕小麥幼苗進行短時間照射處理.測定指標包括:①反射光譜值.用Unispec光譜儀測定反射光譜,併計算所得參數,評價UV-B處理前後葉片葉綠素、花色素苷、類鬍蘿蔔素含量、水分含量以及光閤彊度的變化,每處理測定10片葉;②可溶性蛋白含量.採用攷馬斯亮藍G-250法測定葉片的可溶性蛋白含量,牛血清蛋白作為對照;③熒光參數(Fv/Fm):將待測葉片暗反應20 min後,用OS-30P熒光儀測定部位同葉色,每處理測定5片葉;④相對電導率.採用Martineau等的方法測定;⑤丙二醛(MDA):採用鄒琦的方法測定.測定項目②～⑤均重複5次.[結果]UV-B處理導緻葉綠素、可溶性蛋白含量以及含水量都降低,且存在劑量效應,30 μW/cm2的降幅大于15 μW/cm2;UV-B輻射導緻花色素苷和類黃酮含量下降,尤其是處理後2 h下降幅度最大,2種劑量的UV-B處理間差異不大.隨著處理時間的延長,花色素苷含量呈逐漸上升趨勢,其中,30 μW/cm2處理的略高于15 μW/cm2處理.UV-B輻射處理對類鬍蘿蔔素含量的影響與花青素相同,均錶現為先下降後上升的趨勢,2種劑量間差異不大;2種劑量的UV-B處理均抑製瞭PSⅡ的電子傳遞,尤其是處理2 h的抑製作用最大,4、6和8 h的抑製有所緩解,且存在劑量效應;2種劑量的UV-B輻射均抑製瞭葉片的光閤速率,隨著照射時間的延長抑製效應加大;MDA和相對電導率在照射2 h後明顯增加,說明高劑量的UV-B處理對膜繫統的損傷較大,低劑量的UV-B處理結果不明顯.[結論]短時間的UV-B輻射處理對鼕小麥幼苗葉片的影響具有劑量效應,高劑量比低劑量的作用效果大.且隨著處理時間的延長,受害程度有所減輕,該結果與長時間UV-B照射的結果不同.
[목적]연구단시간불동제량UV-B복사대동소맥유묘협편생리지표적영향,위진일보연구식물응답단시간자외선조사적궤리제공삼고.[방법]이동소맥위시험재료,채용15화30 μW/cm2적UV-B조사강도대동소맥유묘진행단시간조사처리.측정지표포괄:①반사광보치.용Unispec광보의측정반사광보,병계산소득삼수,평개UV-B처리전후협편협록소、화색소감、류호라복소함량、수분함량이급광합강도적변화,매처리측정10편협;②가용성단백함량.채용고마사량람G-250법측정협편적가용성단백함량,우혈청단백작위대조;③형광삼수(Fv/Fm):장대측협편암반응20 min후,용OS-30P형광의측정부위동협색,매처리측정5편협;④상대전도솔.채용Martineau등적방법측정;⑤병이철(MDA):채용추기적방법측정.측정항목②～⑤균중복5차.[결과]UV-B처리도치협록소、가용성단백함량이급함수량도강저,차존재제량효응,30 μW/cm2적강폭대우15 μW/cm2;UV-B복사도치화색소감화류황동함량하강,우기시처리후2 h하강폭도최대,2충제량적UV-B처리간차이불대.수착처리시간적연장,화색소감함량정축점상승추세,기중,30 μW/cm2처리적략고우15 μW/cm2처리.UV-B복사처리대류호라복소함량적영향여화청소상동,균표현위선하강후상승적추세,2충제량간차이불대;2충제량적UV-B처리균억제료PSⅡ적전자전체,우기시처리2 h적억제작용최대,4、6화8 h적억제유소완해,차존재제량효응;2충제량적UV-B복사균억제료협편적광합속솔,수착조사시간적연장억제효응가대;MDA화상대전도솔재조사2 h후명현증가,설명고제량적UV-B처리대막계통적손상교대,저제량적UV-B처리결과불명현.[결론]단시간적UV-B복사처리대동소맥유묘협편적영향구유제량효응,고제량비저제량적작용효과대.차수착처리시간적연장,수해정도유소감경,해결과여장시간UV-B조사적결과불동.
[Objective] studying the influences of different UV-B radiation treatments in short time on some physiological characteristics of winter wheat seedlings was to provide reference for the mechanism of plant response to ultraviolet irradiation in short time. [Method] The winter wheat taken as materials were treated with 15 and 30 μW/cm2 UV-B radiation, then the physiological indexes such as pigment content and photosynthetic rate were determined. [Results] The UV-B treatment caused the declines of chlorophyll content, soluble protein content and water content of leaves, besides, dose-effect was existed. The decline of 30 μW/cm2 treatment was bigger than that of 15 μW/cm2 treatment. The influences of UV-B radiation on carotenoid content and anthocyanidin content were similar; the change trends were declined firstly then increased. The UV-B treatment with two doses restrained the electron transport of PSⅡ, particularly; the inhibitory effect was biggest after treated 2 h, and then this effect was declined in 4, 6 and 8 h, so the dose-effect was existed. The UV-B radiation with two doses restricted photosynthetic rate and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase of treatment time. The high dose treatment caused huge damage to membrane system, while the result of low dose treatment was not obvious. [Conclusion] UV-B radiation treatment had dose-effect on winter wheat seedlings in short time and the influence of high dose was bigger than that of low dose. With the increase of treatment time, the damage was alleviated; besides, the result was not similar to that of UV-B radiation in long time.