CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]对克氏原螫虾与中华绒螯蟹混养条件下的行为进行观察和研究。[方法]在相对狭小空间进行等重量级的虾蟹混养试验，观察记录两者相遇初期的格斗行为及混养后期的胜负结局；在相对宽敞空间——“Y”型迷宫内，观察记录克氏原螯虾对较高重量级中华绒螫蟹的趋避行为。[结果]混养试验中虾蟹相遇初期，螯虾首次攻击及靠近的次数、累计主动靠近次数均极显著大于蟹（P〈0．01），累计主动攻击次数显著多于蟹（P〈0．05）；混养30d后，虾死蟹存组占30％，蟹死虾存组占10％，共存组占60％。在每只受试虾对较高重量级蟹趋避行为试验中，随着试验次数的增多，螯虾对蟹与空白的选择次数和时间由差异性不显著（P〉0．05）变为显著偏向选择空白（P〈0．05），即螯虾对蟹的识别能力显著提高了，同时试验螫虾的选择行为受到明显抑制。[结论]可以推测，若提供适合的生境条件，虾蟹混养理论上可获得较好效益。
[목적]대극씨원석하여중화융오해혼양조건하적행위진행관찰화연구。[방법]재상대협소공간진행등중량급적하해혼양시험，관찰기록량자상우초기적격두행위급혼양후기적성부결국；재상대관창공간——“Y”형미궁내，관찰기록극씨원오하대교고중량급중화융석해적추피행위。[결과]혼양시험중하해상우초기，오하수차공격급고근적차수、루계주동고근차수균겁현저대우해（P〈0．01），루계주동공격차수현저다우해（P〈0．05）；혼양30d후，하사해존조점30％，해사하존조점10％，공존조점60％。재매지수시하대교고중량급해추피행위시험중，수착시험차수적증다，오하대해여공백적선택차수화시간유차이성불현저（P〉0．05）변위현저편향선택공백（P〈0．05），즉오하대해적식별능력현저제고료，동시시험석하적선택행위수도명현억제。[결론]가이추측，약제공괄합적생경조건，하해혼양이론상가획득교호효익。
[Objective] This study aimed to observe and explore the behavior of Procambarus clarkii and Eriocheir sinensis in polyculture system. [Method] P. clarkii and E. sinensis with the same weight were used for the experiment in a relatively small polyculture system. The agonistic behavior of P. clarkii and E. sinensis in the first 30 min of the initial encounter and the fighting results were observed and recorded; the approach-avoidance behavior of P. clarkii to bigger E. sinensis in a relatively large space （the ＂Y＂ maze） was observed and recorded. [Result] The re- sults showed that the times of first aggressions and approaches and the total times of active aggressions and approaches of P. clarkii in the initial period of polyculture experiment were all significantly more than E. sinensis （/：＇〈0.05）; after 30 d of poly- culture, P. clarkfi died in 30% of the groups while E. sinensis died in only 10% of the groups, and they coexisted in 60% of the groups. In the experiment of ap- proach-avoidance behavior of P. clarkii to bigger E. sinensis, with the increase of experiment times, the tendency of approach and avoidance of P. clarkii to the con- trol and E. sinensis became control-prefer （P〈0.05） from insignificantly different （P〉 0.05）, which indicated that the recognition ability of P. clarkii for E. sinensis was sig- nificantly improved, and the selection behavior of E. sinensis was obviously inhibited. [Conclusion] Presumably, polyculture of crayfishes and crabs can achieve better effi- ciency when under appropriate habitat conditions.