农业科学与技术：英文版
農業科學與技術：英文版
농업과학여기술：영문판
Agricultural Science ＆ Technology
2011年
9期
1388-1395
,共8页
李唐%连梅力%常六旺%杨俊德%张筱秀%周运宁
李唐%連梅力%常六旺%楊俊德%張篠秀%週運寧
리당%련매력%상륙왕%양준덕%장소수%주운저
糯玉米%亚洲玉米螟%发生规律%危害特点
糯玉米%亞洲玉米螟%髮生規律%危害特點
나옥미%아주옥미명%발생규률%위해특점
Waxy corn%Ostrinia fumacalis%Occurrence rules%Damage characteristics
[目的]该项目在山西省糯玉米主产区开展糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟发生危害特点调查研究,旨在为开展糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟适期有效防治奠定基础。[方法]该研究采取成虫诱集、卵和幼虫定点和随机调查的方法进行。[结果]调查结果表明,糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟年发生两代,世代基本不重叠,两代间有较明显的间隔。糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟越冬代成虫盛发期为6月上中旬,一代成虫盛发期为8月上旬至下旬;一代卵盛期为6月上旬末至6月下旬初,二代卵盛期为8月上旬中期至8月下旬。亚洲玉米螟对不同生育时期糯玉米的产卵趋性表现为,在糯玉米抽雄之前,随着生育时期向后延续,糯玉米对亚洲玉米螟产卵的引诱力逐步增强;而在糯玉米抽雄之后,随着生育时期向后延续,糯玉米对亚洲玉米螟产卵的引诱力逐步减弱。生育时期基本相同、长势基本一致的糯玉米上的落卵量较普通玉米上为多。糯玉米田亚洲玉米螟一代发生危害轻二代发生危害重。一代幼虫对糯玉米的危害早播田重于中播田,而晚播田基本上不受一代幼虫的危害,由于一代幼虫发生轻,不论早播还是中播糯玉米虽然受害但一般较轻。二代幼虫对糯玉米的危害晚播田重于中播田,早播糯玉米在二代幼虫危害初期即采收,一般年份不受二代幼虫的危害或受害较轻,由于二代幼虫发生量大,因而对晚播和中播偏晚播种的糯玉米会造成严重的危害。糯玉米果穗穗腐病的发病率与果穗受亚洲玉米螟危害密切相关,果穗受亚洲玉米螟危害者,穗腐病发病率高。[结论]糯玉米产区应加强中、晚播糯玉米田二代亚洲玉米螟的综合防治。
[目的]該項目在山西省糯玉米主產區開展糯玉米田亞洲玉米螟髮生危害特點調查研究,旨在為開展糯玉米田亞洲玉米螟適期有效防治奠定基礎。[方法]該研究採取成蟲誘集、卵和幼蟲定點和隨機調查的方法進行。[結果]調查結果錶明,糯玉米田亞洲玉米螟年髮生兩代,世代基本不重疊,兩代間有較明顯的間隔。糯玉米田亞洲玉米螟越鼕代成蟲盛髮期為6月上中旬,一代成蟲盛髮期為8月上旬至下旬;一代卵盛期為6月上旬末至6月下旬初,二代卵盛期為8月上旬中期至8月下旬。亞洲玉米螟對不同生育時期糯玉米的產卵趨性錶現為,在糯玉米抽雄之前,隨著生育時期嚮後延續,糯玉米對亞洲玉米螟產卵的引誘力逐步增彊;而在糯玉米抽雄之後,隨著生育時期嚮後延續,糯玉米對亞洲玉米螟產卵的引誘力逐步減弱。生育時期基本相同、長勢基本一緻的糯玉米上的落卵量較普通玉米上為多。糯玉米田亞洲玉米螟一代髮生危害輕二代髮生危害重。一代幼蟲對糯玉米的危害早播田重于中播田,而晚播田基本上不受一代幼蟲的危害,由于一代幼蟲髮生輕,不論早播還是中播糯玉米雖然受害但一般較輕。二代幼蟲對糯玉米的危害晚播田重于中播田,早播糯玉米在二代幼蟲危害初期即採收,一般年份不受二代幼蟲的危害或受害較輕,由于二代幼蟲髮生量大,因而對晚播和中播偏晚播種的糯玉米會造成嚴重的危害。糯玉米果穗穗腐病的髮病率與果穗受亞洲玉米螟危害密切相關,果穗受亞洲玉米螟危害者,穗腐病髮病率高。[結論]糯玉米產區應加彊中、晚播糯玉米田二代亞洲玉米螟的綜閤防治。
[목적]해항목재산서성나옥미주산구개전나옥미전아주옥미명발생위해특점조사연구,지재위개전나옥미전아주옥미명괄기유효방치전정기출。[방법]해연구채취성충유집、란화유충정점화수궤조사적방법진행。[결과]조사결과표명,나옥미전아주옥미명년발생량대,세대기본불중첩,량대간유교명현적간격。나옥미전아주옥미명월동대성충성발기위6월상중순,일대성충성발기위8월상순지하순;일대란성기위6월상순말지6월하순초,이대란성기위8월상순중기지8월하순。아주옥미명대불동생육시기나옥미적산란추성표현위,재나옥미추웅지전,수착생육시기향후연속,나옥미대아주옥미명산란적인유력축보증강;이재나옥미추웅지후,수착생육시기향후연속,나옥미대아주옥미명산란적인유력축보감약。생육시기기본상동、장세기본일치적나옥미상적락란량교보통옥미상위다。나옥미전아주옥미명일대발생위해경이대발생위해중。일대유충대나옥미적위해조파전중우중파전,이만파전기본상불수일대유충적위해,유우일대유충발생경,불론조파환시중파나옥미수연수해단일반교경。이대유충대나옥미적위해만파전중우중파전,조파나옥미재이대유충위해초기즉채수,일반년빈불수이대유충적위해혹수해교경,유우이대유충발생량대,인이대만파화중파편만파충적나옥미회조성엄중적위해。나옥미과수수부병적발병솔여과수수아주옥미명위해밀절상관,과수수아주옥미명위해자,수부병발병솔고。[결론]나옥미산구응가강중、만파나옥미전이대아주옥미명적종합방치。
[Objective] This program aimed at providing basis for timely and effective control of Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis in waxy corn fields through investigations and researching on occurrence and damage characteristics of Ostrinia furnacalis in the main producing area of waxy corn of Shanxi Province.[Method] Attraction and collection of the adults,fixed-points and random investigations on eggs and larvae were the main methods in this research.[Result] Ostrinia furnacalis appeared in two generations per year in the field of waxy corns,the generations were basically nonoverlapping with significant interval.The peak period of the overwintering generation adults in the field of waxy corn was early to middle of June,peak period of the first generation adults was from early August to late August;peak period of the first generation eggs was from the end of early June to the binning of late June,the peak period of the second generation eggs was from the middle of early August to late August.Egg-laying performances of Ostrinia furnacalis on waxy corns in different growth period suggested that the temptation of waxy corns to egg-laying of Ostrinia furnacalis had gradually increased with the continuation of growth stages before the heading of waxy corns;while after the heading of waxy corns,the temptation of waxy corns to egg-laying of Ostrinia furnacalis had gradually reduced with the continuation of growth stages.The amount of eggs on waxy corns was more than eggs on normal corns with the same growth period and growth conditions.The first generation of Ostrinia furnacalis caused more serious damages than the second generation.The first generation larvae caused more serious damages on waxy corns with early sowing period than with middle sowing period,while the late sowing fields basically uninjured.The early sowing and middle sowing corns were damaged but lightly,due to the slight occurrence of the first generation larvae.The second generation larvae caused more serious damages in late sowing waxy corn field than in middle sowing waxy corn field.As the early sowing waxy corns were harvested before the beginning of damage peak period of the second generation larvae,they were basically uninjured or slightly damaged by the second generation larvae in general years.Because the second generation larvae were in large-scale occurrence,they had caused serious damages to late and later middle sowing waxy corns.Incidence of ear rot disease on the female ears of waxy corns was closely related to the damages of Ostrinia furnacalis on ears,which was higher on the ears infested by Ostrinia furnacalis.[Conclusion] Comprehensive control on the second generation of Ostrinia furnacalis in the mid and late sowing field of waxy corn should be strengthened.
