CAJ | 학술논문

在地处四川省洪雅县的瓦屋山国家森林公园录取了锄足蟾科6种的繁殖期求偶鸣叫声.它们分隶4属,即角蟾属(Megophrys)、齿蟾属(Oreolalax)、齿突蟾属(Scutiger)和掌突蟾属(Leptolalax).在IBM PC上用"SIGNAL"软件(Engineering Design,USA)对获取的鸣声资料进行分析,分析的频率范围设置为0～10 kHz.声学分析结果表明:峨山掌突蟾(L.oshanensi),小角蟾(M.minorr),角蟾1种(M.sp),金顶齿突蟾[S.(S.) 49.4 Hz,每声持续时间的平均值分别是46.2、90.8、99.6、72.2、78.8和110.3 ms,声距的平均值分别是140.4、253.0、681.4、1517.7、461.3和619.5 ms.chintingensis],峨眉齿蟾(O.omeimontis)和无蹼齿蟾(O.schmidti)的主能峰频率平均值分别是4521.9、3456.4、2293.8、1076.5、1071.0和1单因子方差分析结果表明主能峰频率、每声持续时间和各声距在6个种间差异极显著(P<0.01).LSD法多重比较的结果指出金顶齿突蟾和峨眉齿蟾间的主能峰频率无显著差异(P=0.917>0.05);在每声持续时间上,只有峨山掌突蟾与小角蟾、角蟾1种、峨眉齿蟾、无蹼齿蟾间差异极显著(P<0.01);在声距上,峨山掌突蟾与小角蟾间无显著差异,角蟾1种与无蹼齿蟾之间、峨眉齿蟾与无蹼齿蟾之间也是如此(P>0.05).简单相关分析结果表明3类鸣声性状即主能峰频率、每声持续时间和声距与2类环境因素即海拔高度和气温间无显著的相关关系(P>0.05),只有声距(NI)与海拔高度(E)有极显著的线性相关关系(NI=-669.130+0.802E,r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).我们对结果进行分析和讨论认为,蛙类繁殖鸣声特性在识别或区分物种类群上是有用的,鸣声声距随海拔改变可能是一种繁殖策略.
재지처사천성홍아현적와옥산국가삼림공완록취료서족섬과6충적번식기구우명규성.타문분대4속,즉각섬속(Megophrys)、치섬속(Oreolalax)、치돌섬속(Scutiger)화장돌섬속(Leptolalax).재IBM PC상용"SIGNAL"연건(Engineering Design,USA)대획취적명성자료진행분석,분석적빈솔범위설치위0～10 kHz.성학분석결과표명:아산장돌섬(L.oshanensi),소각섬(M.minorr),각섬1충(M.sp),금정치돌섬[S.(S.) 49.4 Hz,매성지속시간적평균치분별시46.2、90.8、99.6、72.2、78.8화110.3 ms,성거적평균치분별시140.4、253.0、681.4、1517.7、461.3화619.5 ms.chintingensis],아미치섬(O.omeimontis)화무복치섬(O.schmidti)적주능봉빈솔평균치분별시4521.9、3456.4、2293.8、1076.5、1071.0화1단인자방차분석결과표명주능봉빈솔、매성지속시간화각성거재6개충간차이겁현저(P<0.01).LSD법다중비교적결과지출금정치돌섬화아미치섬간적주능봉빈솔무현저차이(P=0.917>0.05);재매성지속시간상,지유아산장돌섬여소각섬、각섬1충、아미치섬、무복치섬간차이겁현저(P<0.01);재성거상,아산장돌섬여소각섬간무현저차이,각섬1충여무복치섬지간、아미치섬여무복치섬지간야시여차(P>0.05).간단상관분석결과표명3류명성성상즉주능봉빈솔、매성지속시간화성거여2류배경인소즉해발고도화기온간무현저적상관관계(P>0.05),지유성거(NI)여해발고도(E)유겁현저적선성상관관계(NI=-669.130+0.802E,r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).아문대결과진행분석화토론인위,와류번식명성특성재식별혹구분물충류군상시유용적,명성성거수해발개변가능시일충번식책략.
The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and Sony tape with an external microphone.All recordings were analyzed with an IBM PC based "SIGNAL" software analysis system (Engineering Design,USA).The range of analyzed frequency was set as 0-10 kHz.Acoustic analysis shows that the dominant frequency of L.oshanensis,M.minor,M.sp.,S.(S.)chintingensis,O.omeimontis,and O.schmidti is 4521.9,3456.4,2293.8,1076.5,1071.0 and 1849.4 Hz on average respectively;the note duration is 46.2,90.8,99.6,72.2,78.8 and 110.3 millisecond on average respectively;the note interval is 140.4,253.0,681.4,1517.7,461.3 and 619.5 millisecond on average respectively.One-Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there are significant differences among the analyzed six forms on the dominant frequency,the note duration,and the note interval (P<0.01).Multiple comparisons using Least-Significant Difference (LSD) show that the difference of the dominant frequency between S.(S.) chintingensis and O.omeimontis is not significant (P=0.917>0.05);on the note duration,only L.oshanensis is significantly different from M.minor,M.sp.,O.omeimontis and O.schmidti (P<0.01);on the note interval,L.oshanensis is not significantly different from M.minor,the same with M.sp.versus O.schmidti and O.omeimontis versus O.schmidti (P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicates that there are no significant correlation among the three acoustic characters of dominant frequency,note duration and note interval,and two environmental factors of the elevation and air temperature (P>0.05) except that the note interval is significantly linear correlated with the elevation (r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).In the light of above,it is suggested that acoustic characteristics of calls are useful in distinguishing forms;the change of the note interval with the elevation may be a kind of strategy of reproduction.``