CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解近年来深圳市某区皮炎住院患者的流行病学分布特点,为研究三氯乙烯(TCE)药疹样皮炎和预防提供依据.方法对1992至2006年该区及其各街道医院的住院皮炎患者临床资料进行描述性分析.结果该区住院皮炎患者共645例,1998至2005年患者总人数呈上升趋势,主要年龄段为16～岁,其次为26～岁,工人占多数.过敏性皮炎(34.1%)、药物性皮炎(30.8%)、TCE药疹样皮炎(9.3%),依次为住院皮炎病例的前3位.60例TCE药疹样皮炎病例中有过敏史者2例(3.3%),与其他皮炎病例(144例,22.6%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TCE药疹样皮炎患者肝功能异常的比例(71.7%)较高,与其他皮炎(13.8%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);患者主要分布于电子、五金、电镀行业.结论 TCE药疹样皮炎危害严重,加强工人的自我保护意识,重视重点行业、重点工种工人的工初观察和健康监护,减少职业接触机会,可以有效地减少TCE所致皮炎的发生.
목적 료해근년래심수시모구피염주원환자적류행병학분포특점,위연구삼록을희(TCE)약진양피염화예방제공의거.방법 대1992지2006년해구급기각가도의원적주원피염환자림상자료진행묘술성분석.결과해구주원피염환자공645례,1998지2005년환자총인수정상승추세,주요년령단위16～세,기차위26～세,공인점다수.과민성피염(34.1%)、약물성피염(30.8%)、TCE약진양피염(9.3%),의차위주원피염병례적전3위.60례TCE약진양피염병례중유과민사자2례(3.3%),여기타피염병례(144례,22.6%)비교,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05);TCE약진양피염환자간공능이상적비례(71.7%)교고,여기타피염(13.8%)비교,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05);환자주요분포우전자、오금、전도행업.결론 TCE약진양피염위해엄중,가강공인적자아보호의식,중시중점행업、중점공충공인적공초관찰화건강감호,감소직업접촉궤회,가이유효지감소TCE소치피염적발생.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological distribution of dermatitis patients in hospital and provide basis for studying the basic conditions and the prevention of dermatitis especially TCE-induced dermatitis in Baoan District of Shenzhen City.Methods All dermatitis patients in hospital in Baoan District from 1992 to 2006 were descriptively analyzed.Results There were 645 dermatitis patients in hospital in Baoan District.The total number of patients tended to rise in recent years,mainly in group of 16～ years old,followed by 26～ years old,with the majority of workers.The clinical diagnosis was allergic dermatitis (34.1%),drug-induced dermatitis and TCE-induced dermatitis (9.3%).Two among 60 patients with TCE-induced dermatitis had history of allergy (3.3%) with significat difference (P＜0.05) compared with the patients with other dermatitis(144,22.6%).The risk of hepatic dysfunction in TCE-induced dermatitis(71.7%) was significantly greater than other dermatitis (P＜0.05).It was mainly distributed in electronic,metal,electroplating industry.Conclusion The TCE-induced dermatitis is one of the main occupational hazards in Baoan district.It can effectively reduce the occurrence of TCE-induced dermatitis to strengthen self protection awareness of workers,pay more attention to early work observed and occupational screening in key industries and trades workers,and reduce opportunities for occupational exposure.