CAJ | 학술논문

目的研究合理行动理论在电焊工职业卫生个体防护行为研究中的应用价值,以探讨电焊工个体防护行为的影响因素.方法在浙江省存在较多电焊作业点的地区随机抽取9家企业,运用自行设计的包涵合理行动理论要素的问卷对所有电焊工人(526人)进行调查.结果在佩戴眼罩、口罩和耳塞的电焊作业个体防护行为中,分别有10.06％、26.80％和37.50％的被调查者在电焊作业中从不使用或仅偶尔使用上述防护用品.除了一般社会人口学特征(年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和电焊岗位工龄)的影响外,电焊工的行为信念与使用口罩、眼罩和耳塞的个体防护行为呈正相关(x2值分别为31.88,18.77和37.77,P＜0.01).在主体规范方面,企业对电焊工的要求与口罩、眼罩和耳塞的使用呈正相关(x2值分别为20.60,10.98和19.86,P＜0.01),同事间的提醒与口罩和耳塞的使用呈正相关(x2值分别为27.43,36.39,P＜0.01),家人的提醒只与口罩的使用呈正相关(x2=5.73,P＜0.05).结论合理行动理论适用于电焊工的职业卫生个体防护行为研究和职业健康教育,对寻找职业卫生健康教育的突破口,选择有效的健康教育实施主体,确定针对性的健康宣教内容有着很好的参考意义.
목적 연구합리행동이론재전한공직업위생개체방호행위연구중적응용개치,이탐토전한공개체방호행위적영향인소.방법 재절강성존재교다전한작업점적지구수궤추취9가기업,운용자행설계적포함합리행동이론요소적문권대소유전한공인(526인)진행조사.결과 재패대안조、구조화이새적전한작업개체방호행위중,분별유10.06％、26.80％화37.50％적피조사자재전한작업중종불사용혹부우이사용상술방호용품.제료일반사회인구학특정(년령、혼인상황、교육정도화전한강위공령)적영향외,전한공적행위신념여사용구조、안조화이새적개체방호행위정정상관(x2치분별위31.88,18.77화37.77,P＜0.01).재주체규범방면,기업대전한공적요구여구조、안조화이새적사용정정상관(x2치분별위20.60,10.98화19.86,P＜0.01),동사간적제성여구조화이새적사용정정상관(x2치분별위27.43,36.39,P＜0.01),가인적제성지여구조적사용정정상관(x2=5.73,P＜0.05).결론 합리행동이론괄용우전한공적직업위생개체방호행위연구화직업건강교육,대심조직업위생건강교육적돌파구,선택유효적건강교육실시주체,학정침대성적건강선교내용유착흔호적삼고의의.
Objective To apply theory of reasoned action at survey on welding workers occupational health protection behaviors and explore related influencing factors.Methods nine companies were randomly selected from areas with many welding works in Zhejiang Province.All welding workers were surveyed using a questionnaire based on theory of reasoned action.Results 10.06％,26.80％ and 37.50％ of the respondents never or seldom used eyeshade,mask and earplug,respectively.After controlling the socio-demographic factors,welding workers' behavioral belief was correlated with the behaviors of eyeshade、mask and earplug use (x2=31.88,18.77 and 37.77,P＜0.01 ).the subjective norm of company was correlated with all protection behaviors (x2=20.60,10.98 and 19.86,P＜0.01 ),the subjective norm of colleague was correlated with mask and earplug use, (x2=27.43,36.39,P＜0.01),and the subjective norm of family was correlated with mask use (x2=5.73,P＜0.05).Conclusion Theory of reasoned action is suitable for welding worker occupational health related behaviors.It is useful to improve occupational health education,to effectively select health education objective and to tailor health education contents.