CAJ | 학술논문

针对集约化养殖中大量使用含Zn饲料添加剂及其在畜禽粪便中的残留问题,采集北京6个郊区县集约化养殖场208个猪、奶牛、鸡饲料样品和204个粪便样品,分析测定了其中Zn含量.结果表明,北京地区集约化养殖饲料和粪便中Zn含量差异很大,猪饲料和猪粪中Zn含量远高于奶牛和鸡.猪、奶牛、鸡饲料中Zn的含量范围分别为72.77～3 170.37 mg·kg~(-1)、13.63～471.39 mg·kg~(-1)、32.64～34.4.67mg·kg~(-1),平均含量分别为347.57、86.44、138.76mg·kg~(-1);猪、奶牛、鸡粪便Zn的平均含量分别为2 333.97、119.41、391.01 mg·kg~(-1),含量范围分别在458.21～14031.79、10.36～502.39、73.15～678.91 mg·kg~(-1)之间.猪饲料和猪粪Zn超标率分别为9.3%和15.0%,奶牛、鸡的饲料和粪便均未超标.畜禽粪便中Zn含量与其饲料中Zn含量之间呈显著或极显著正相关(P<0.05),猪、奶牛、鸡粪便中Zn的平均含量分别是其饲料的6.7倍、1.4倍、2.8倍,表现出一定的"浓缩"效应,其中断奶仔猪饲料和粪便中Zn的平均含量最高,分别为645.37和5 133.64 mg·kg~(-1),"浓缩系数"高达6.61.高Zn含量的畜禽粪便在土地利用时可能会带来土壤污染风险.
침대집약화양식중대량사용함Zn사료첨가제급기재축금분편중적잔류문제,채집북경6개교구현집약화양식장208개저、내우、계사료양품화204개분편양품,분석측정료기중Zn함량.결과표명,북경지구집약화양식사료화분편중Zn함량차이흔대,저사료화저분중Zn함량원고우내우화계.저、내우、계사료중Zn적함량범위분별위72.77～3 170.37 mg·kg~(-1)、13.63～471.39 mg·kg~(-1)、32.64～34.4.67mg·kg~(-1),평균함량분별위347.57、86.44、138.76mg·kg~(-1);저、내우、계분편Zn적평균함량분별위2 333.97、119.41、391.01 mg·kg~(-1),함량범위분별재458.21～14031.79、10.36～502.39、73.15～678.91 mg·kg~(-1)지간.저사료화저분Zn초표솔분별위9.3%화15.0%,내우、계적사료화분편균미초표.축금분편중Zn함량여기사료중Zn함량지간정현저혹겁현저정상관(P<0.05),저、내우、계분편중Zn적평균함량분별시기사료적6.7배、1.4배、2.8배,표현출일정적"농축"효응,기중단내자저사료화분편중Zn적평균함량최고,분별위645.37화5 133.64 mg·kg~(-1),"농축계수"고체6.61.고Zn함량적축금분편재토지이용시가능회대래토양오염풍험.
208 pig, dairy cow, chicken feeds and 204 fecal samples from intensive livestock and poultry farms were collected in 6 districts and counties of Beijing. The concentrations of Zn were analyzed. The results showed that Zn contents varied greatly among feeds and feces in this study, The concentrations of Zn were in the range of 72.77～3 170.37 mg·kg~(-1), 13.63～471.39 mg·kg~(-1) and 32.64～344.67 mg·kg~(-1) respectively in pig, dairy cow and chicken feeds, and the mean values were 347.57 mg·kg~(-1), 86.44 mg·kg~(-1), 138.76 mg·kg~(-1), respectively. The concentra-tions of Zn ranged from 458.21 to 14 031.79 mg·kg~(-1), 10.36 to 502.39 mg·kg~(-1), 73.15 to 678.91 mg·kg~(-1) respectively in pig, dairy cow and chicken feces, and the mean values were 2 333.97 mg·kg~(-1), 119.41 mg·kg~(-1) and 391.01 mg·kg~(-1), respectively. It is clearly that the concentra-tions of Zn in pig feeds and feces were much higher than that in dairy cow and chicken feces. The over standard rate of Zn concentrations in pig feeds and feces were 9.3%, 15.0%, respectively, no samples of dairy cow and chicken contained Zn beyond the ceiling limitation. The contents of Zn in livestock and poultry feces showed a significantly positive correlation with that in their feeds at the 0.05 level. Zn concentrations in pig, dairy cow and chicken feces were 6.7、1.4、2.8 times greater than in their feeds, displayed an obvious "concentrated effect". The mean contents of Zn in weaner feeds and feces were 645.37 mg·kg~(-1) and 5 133.64 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, were the highest in the study, with "concentrated co-efficient" of 6.61. Hence, the utilization of animal feces with high Zn content might cause the potential risk on farmland and the plants.