CAJ | 학술논문

冰湖是由于冰川活动或者退缩产生的融水在冰川前部或者侧部汇集而成的,可分为冰川终碛湖(冰碛阻塞湖)、冰川阻塞湖、冰斗湖和冰蚀槽谷湖.其中分布数量较多、规模较大,且灾害风险较高的是冰川终碛湖.因此,冰川终碛湖是研究冰湖的主要对象.受全球气候变暖的影响,冰湖溃决产生的洪水、泥石流等重大冰川灾害的发生频率有所升高,灾害的影响程度以及范围也有所加大,引起了冰川山地同家的广泛关注.青藏高原内部发育着36793条现代冰川,冰川面积49873.44 km~2,分别占中国冰川总条数、总面积和冰储最的79.5%、84%和81.6%.在全球气候变暖的大背景下,多数冰川呈加速消融及退缩的态势,导致了冰湖溃决洪水和冰川泥石流等重大冰川灾害发生频率的加剧和影响程度的加大.本文围绕冰湖溃决条件、冰湖稳定性评价、冰湖溃决洪水模拟等几个研究方面,对青藏高原冰湖研究的现状及进展进行了较为系统的总结,并对未来研究趋势进行了展望.
빙호시유우빙천활동혹자퇴축산생적융수재빙천전부혹자측부회집이성적,가분위빙천종적호(빙적조새호)、빙천조새호、빙두호화빙식조곡호.기중분포수량교다、규모교대,차재해풍험교고적시빙천종적호.인차,빙천종적호시연구빙호적주요대상.수전구기후변난적영향,빙호궤결산생적홍수、니석류등중대빙천재해적발생빈솔유소승고,재해적영향정도이급범위야유소가대,인기료빙천산지동가적엄범관주.청장고원내부발육착36793조현대빙천,빙천면적49873.44 km~2,분별점중국빙천총조수、총면적화빙저최적79.5%、84%화81.6%.재전구기후변난적대배경하,다수빙천정가속소융급퇴축적태세,도치료빙호궤결홍수화빙천니석류등중대빙천재해발생빈솔적가극화영향정도적가대.본문위요빙호궤결조건、빙호은정성평개、빙호궤결홍수모의등궤개연구방면,대청장고원빙호연구적현상급진전진행료교위계통적총결,병대미래연구추세진행료전망.
Glacial lakes are resulted from glacial activities and the increasing water convergence in the front or on the side of glaciers caused by the retreat of glaciers. Global warming results in the frequency increasing and the effect aggravating of the glacial disasters caused by the glacial lakes outburst flood and the glacial mudslide. In this paper, the authors discussed surrounding glacial break conditions, stability evaluation, outburst flood model and other relevent aspects, made a systematic summary of the current situation and progress in the studies on glacial lakes, especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and predicted the trend of glacial lakes researches in the future.