CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查浙江德清县中小学生眼部屈光状况及生物学参数。方法调查研究。随机抽取德清县城区内6所学校的部分中小学生为调查对象，共有1853名学生接受检查，女性占47.81％，男性占52.19％，年龄6～18岁，平均为(14.4±3.1)岁。在非睫状肌麻痹状态下用自动验光仪测量双眼屈光度数，用IOL Master测量眼轴长、前房深度和角膜曲率。数据采用独立样本t检验、配对t检验、方差分析和线性回归进行分析。结果这1853名学生近视和散光的患病率分别为82.60％和10.50％，右眼平均等效球镜度和散光度分别为（-2.38±2.12）和（-0.51±0.49）D。右眼眼轴长度和前房深度分别为(24.3±1.2)和(3.6±0.2)mm。右眼平均水平和垂直角膜曲率分别为(42.78±1.51)和(43.81±1.52)D。眼轴延长过程中眼前段(AS)和眼后段(PS)的关系为PS=1.66×AS+14.78。结论德清县中小学生的近视患病率从9岁开始出现较为明显的逐年升高趋势。角膜曲率与性别有关，但与年龄、屈光状态无关。随着近视度数的增加，前房逐渐加深，眼轴也随之延长，但眼球后段在眼轴延长的过程中起主导作用。
목적 조사절강덕청현중소학생안부굴광상황급생물학삼수。방법 조사연구。수궤추취덕청현성구내6소학교적부분중소학생위조사대상，공유1853명학생접수검사，녀성점47.81％，남성점52.19％，년령6～18세，평균위(14.4±3.1)세。재비첩상기마비상태하용자동험광의측량쌍안굴광도수，용IOL Master측량안축장、전방심도화각막곡솔。수거채용독립양본t검험、배대t검험、방차분석화선성회귀진행분석。결과 저1853명학생근시화산광적환병솔분별위82.60％화10.50％，우안평균등효구경도화산광도분별위（-2.38±2.12）화（-0.51±0.49）D。우안안축장도화전방심도분별위(24.3±1.2)화(3.6±0.2)mm。우안평균수평화수직각막곡솔분별위(42.78±1.51)화(43.81±1.52)D。안축연장과정중안전단(AS)화안후단(PS)적관계위PS=1.66×AS+14.78。결론 덕청현중소학생적근시환병솔종9세개시출현교위명현적축년승고추세。각막곡솔여성별유관，단여년령、굴광상태무관。수착근시도수적증가，전방축점가심，안축야수지연장，단안구후단재안축연장적과정중기주도작용。
Objective To assess the characteristics of the ocular biometric parameters and prevalence of refractive errors in junior and senior school children in Deqing County. Methods Investigative survey. There were 1853 students from 6 schools in Deqing County randomly recruited for the study. Their mean age was (14.4±3.1)years; 47.81％ were females and 52.19％ were males.Objective refraction without cycloplegia was obtained with an autorefractor. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and corneal curvature (CC) were measured by IOL Master under noncycloplegia.Data were analyzed with an independent samples t test, a paired t test, one-way ANOVA and linear regression. Results The prevalence of myopia and astigmatism of the 1853 students was 82.60％ and 10.50％, respectively. Average spherical equivalent (SE) and cylinder power of right eyes were (-2.38±2.12) and (-0.51±0.49)D, respectively. Mean AL and ACD of right eyes were (24.3±1.2) and (3.6± 0.2)mm, respectively. Average horizontal and vertical CC were (42.78±1.51) and (43.81±1.52)D,respectively. The relationship between anterior segment (AS) and posterior segment (PS) during axial elongation was PS=1.66×AS+14.78. Conclusion The prevalence of myopia is higher in elder students from Deqing County schools, and there is a rapid rise of prevalence of myopia since 9-year-old children. Corneal curvatures significantly correlate to sex, but not to age or refractive state. As the level of myopia increase, ACD becomes deeper and AL elongates, during which posterior segment of eye plays a predominant role.