CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨百岁老人的膳食种类及主要营养成分。方法以沂蒙山区34名百岁老人为对象，回顾性调查其膳食种类及主要营养成分，并进行系统查体及心电图、B超、血液、尿、头发的实验室检测。其中头发元素含量用中子活化法测定，载脂蛋白含量用透射比浊法测定。结果本组百岁老人的膳食特点是低脂肪、低蛋白、低热量、高维生素。实验室检查表现为头发微量元素铜(Cu)、硒(Se)、锰(Mn)含量较高(P＜0.01)，锌(Zn)正常；apoA1/apoB100比值较对照组高(P＜0.01)；TC较对照组低(P＜0.01)。结论膳食种类及营养成份是影响体内元素含量的主要因素，也可能影响apoA1、apoB100水平。这些物质因素既有助于抗动脉硬化从而预防心脑血管病的发生，又有助于正常免疫功能的形成及维持，使这些百岁老人避免严重危害健康与寿命的心脑血管病及恶性肿瘤，而得以健康长寿。
목적탐토백세노인적선식충류급주요영양성분。 방법이기몽산구34명백세노인위대상，회고성조사기선식충류급주요영양성분，병진행계통사체급심 전도、B초、혈액、뇨、두발적실험실검측。기중두발원소함량용중자활화법측정，재지단백함량용투사비 탁법측정。 결과본조백세노인적선식특점시저지방、저단백、저열량、고유생소。실험실검사표현위두발미량원소 동(Cu)、서(Se)、맹(Mn)함량교고(P＜0.01)，자(Zn)정상；apoA1/apoB100비치교대조조고(P＜0.01)；TC교 대조조저(P＜0.01)。 결론선식충류급영양성빈시영향체내원소함량적주요인소，야가능영향apoA1、apoB100수평。저사물질 인소기유조우항동맥경화종이예방심뇌혈관병적발생，우유조우정상면역공능적형성급유지，사저사백세 노인피면엄중위해건강여수명적심뇌혈관병급악성종류，이득이건강장수。
Objective To make a survey of the nutritional composition of the diets of centenarians. Methods Thirty-four centenarians were selected as subjects. Retrospective surveys were made on the variety and amounts of food consumed and their nutritional composition. Physical examinations with laboratory tests such as cardiograms, ultrasonic B rays, and blood, urine and hair tests were performed. Neutron activation testing was done on hair content. The transmission turbidimetric method was used to measure apolipoprotein content. Results The main food of the centenarians showed the characteristics of low calories, protein and fat but high fiber and mineral content. Laboratory results showed that the content of the elements of Cu, Se and Mn in hair was higher ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Zn was normal. The apoA1/apoB100 ratio was higher than in the control group ( P ＜ 0.01), and total cholesterol (TC) was lower than in the control group ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions The variety of diet and its nutritional composition may be the main factors influencing not only the content of elements in body, but also the levels of apoA1 and apoB100, which may be helpful in preventing arteriosclerosis and forming and maintaining immunity. The diet of these centenarians might aid in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors.