CAJ | 학술논문

目的探索4～6年级小学生社交焦虑情况及与自尊和自我意识的关系.方法分层随机抽取重庆市主城区的3所小学校(重点、普通及农民工小学各l所)的568名在校4～6年级小学生,采用儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)、Pies-Harris 儿童自我意识量表、自尊量表(SES)对小学生进行问卷调查.结果 ①小学生总社交焦虑及两大因子得分显著高于中国城市常模(P＜0.01)；②女生的社交焦虑总分及害怕否定评价[(4.84±4.26)分,(3.08±2.91)分)]高于男生[(4.12±3.95)分,(2.54±2.63)分,P＜0.05]；随年级的增高,六年级学生害怕否定评价的得分[(3.22±2.82)分]高于五年级[(2.53±2.76)分,P＜0.01]和四年级[(2.54±2.68)分,P＜0.05]；农民工小学、单亲家庭和收入相对低的家庭者社交焦虑得分较高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；③小学生总社交焦虑及两大因子与其自尊水平呈显著正相关( r=0.305,0.282,0.270),与自我意识及各因子呈不同程度的负相关(r=-0.202～-0.511),相关均达到显著性(P＜0.01)；④小学生害怕否定评价能被自我意识中的焦虑和合群解释占25.5％；社交回避及苦恼能被自我意识中的焦虑、合群和智力与学校情况解释占20.4％；总的社交焦虑能被自我意识中的焦虑和合群解释占28.2％.结论 4～6年级小学生有较高的社交焦虑水平；不同性别、年级、学校、家庭结构、家庭月收入的小学生社交焦虑水平存在差异,其社交焦虑与自我意识和自尊水平密切相关.
목적 탐색4～6년급소학생사교초필정황급여자존화자아의식적관계.방법 분층수궤추취중경시주성구적3소소학교(중점、보통급농민공소학각l소)적568명재교4～6년급소학생,채용인동사교초필량표(SASC)、Pies-Harris 인동자아의식량표、자존량표(SES)대소학생진행문권조사.결과 ①소학생총사교초필급량대인자득분현저고우중국성시상모(P＜0.01)；②녀생적사교초필총분급해파부정평개[(4.84±4.26)분,(3.08±2.91)분)]고우남생[(4.12±3.95)분,(2.54±2.63)분,P＜0.05]；수년급적증고,륙년급학생해파부정평개적득분[(3.22±2.82)분]고우오년급[(2.53±2.76)분,P＜0.01]화사년급[(2.54±2.68)분,P＜0.05]；농민공소학、단친가정화수입상대저적가정자사교초필득분교고,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.05)；③소학생총사교초필급량대인자여기자존수평정현저정상관( r=0.305,0.282,0.270),여자아의식급각인자정불동정도적부상관(r=-0.202～-0.511),상관균체도현저성(P＜0.01)；④소학생해파부정평개능피자아의식중적초필화합군해석점25.5％；사교회피급고뇌능피자아의식중적초필、합군화지력여학교정황해석점20.4％；총적사교초필능피자아의식중적초필화합군해석점28.2％.결론 4～6년급소학생유교고적사교초필수평；불동성별、년급、학교、가정결구、가정월수입적소학생사교초필수평존재차이,기사교초필여자아의식화자존수평밀절상관.
Objective To explore the status of social anxiety and study the relationship between social anxiety and self-consciousness,self-esteem among primary students.Methods Using stratified randomization sampling method,568 primary students in grade 4 ～ 6 were investigated with social anxiety scale for children( SASC ),self-consciousness scale for children(PHCSS) and self-esteem scale(SES).Results ①The score of SASC in the group of primary students was obviously higher than that of Chinese norm (P＜0.01).②The SASC and negative evaluation scores in the female were higher than the male (P ＜ 0.05 ),the negative evaluation scores in the sixth grade (3.22 ± 2.82) was higher than the fifth grade (2.53 ± 2.76,P ＜ 0.01 ) and fourth grade ( 2.54 ± 2.68,P＜ 0.05 ).The primary students in migrant workers elementary school,the single parent family and the relatively low income family had higher social anxiety scores than others(P＜0.05 ).③The SASC and two major factors were significantly negative correlated with the self-consciousness and each subscale( r =-0.202 ～ -0.511,P ＜ 0.01 ),and positive correlated with the self-esteem( r =0.282,0.270,0.305,P ＜ 0.01 ).④)The anxiety and gregariousness had significant prediction function of 25.5％ on negative evaluation,and 28.2％ on SASC,anxiety,gregariousness,intelligence and school situation had significant prediction function of 20.4％ on social avoidance and distress.Conclusions Primary students in grade 4 ～ 6 existed social anxiety.There are significant differences for their level of anxiety in different gender,grade,elementary school,family structure,monthly income.And social anxiety is closely related to self-consciousness and self-esteem.