目的 观察高摄铝状态下氟中毒大鼠大豆、硒粉、螺旋藻的干预效果.方法 将断乳2周的SD纯系大鼠40只(雌雄各半)按体质量随机分为5组:对照组、高氟铝组、高氟铝加大豆组、高氟铝加硒组和高氟铝加螺旋藻组,每组8只.对照组食用非病区玉米加工的饲料(含氟5.20 mg/L,含铝6.80 mg/L),饮用自来水(含氟0.70 mg/L,含铝0.20 mg/L).其余各组均食用以病区玉米为主加工而成的饲料(含氟110.00 mg/kg,含铝19.70mg/L),饮用自来水配制的高铝水(含氟0.70 mg/L,含铝90.00 mg/L).高氟铝加大豆组在实验开始即添加大豆(大豆占饲料的30%),高氟铝加硒组和高氟铝加螺旋藻组在动物出现氟斑牙后饲料中分别添加硒(3.00mg/kg)、螺旋藻(1000.00 mg/kg),实验期为22周.大鼠处死前收集24 h尿液,用于尿氟、铝的测定;大鼠处死后取四肢骨用于骨氟、铝测定;电镜下观察大鼠股骨松质骨的超微结构变化.结果 ①骨氟:高氟铝组的骨氟[(204.07±63.78)mg/kg]高于对照组、高氟铝加大豆组、高氟铝加硒组和高氟铝加螺旋藻组[(30.06±6.11)、(54.12±14.56)、(30.44±5.02)、(105.08±21.07)mg/kg,t=0.62、0.53、0.62、0.35,P均<0.01];高氟销加硒组骨氟低于高氟钒加螺旋藻组(t=0.27,P<0.01).②尿氟:高氟铝组尿氟[(4.52±3.09)mg/L]高于对照组[(0.89±0.37)mg/L,t=0.23,P<0.01],低于高氟铝加硒组[(10.38±1.58)mg/L,t=0.34,P<0.01];高氟铝加硒组尿氟高于高氟铝加大豆组、高氟铝加螺旋藻组[(5.56±1.69)、(4.38±3.36)mg/L,t=0.28、0.35,P均<0.01].③骨铝:对照组骨铝[(3.32±3.02)mg/kg]明显低于高氟铝组、高氟铝加大豆组、高氟铝加硒组和高氟铝加螺旋藻组[(374.21±56.11)、(118.20±23.59)、(114.01±22.84)、(67.11±11.53)mg/kg,t=1.42、0.44、0.42、0.24,P均<0.05];高氟销组骨铝也明显高于高氟铝加大豆组、高氟铝加硒组、高氟铝加螺旋藻组(t=0.56、0.57、0.68,P均<0.01);高氟铝加螺旋藻组骨铝低于高氟铝加大豆组、高氟铝加硒组(t=0.11、0.10,P均<0.05).④尿铝:高氟铝组尿铝[(1.14±0.32)mg/L]高于对照组、高氟铝加大豆组[(0.73±0.11)、(0.66±0.10)mg/L,t=1.92、2.24,P均<0.05].高氟铝加大豆组尿铝低于高氟铝加硒组、高氟铝加螺旋藻组[(1.03±0.22)、(1.10±0.28)mg/L,t=1.73、2.06,P均<0.05].⑤扫描电镜下高氟铝组骨胶原纤维排列紊乱,骨小梁发生融合成片,小梁吸收孔大多消失,其损害最为严重.在干预组其骨胶原纤维走向大致可见,小梁融合现象较高氟铝组为轻,其中以高氟铝加硒组改善为显著,高氟铝加螺旋藻组次之,而高氟铝加大豆组的作用稍弱.结论 饲料中加大豆、硒粉、螺旋藻对高摄铝状态下氟中毒大鼠的骨损伤具有缓解作用,其中以硒粉的作用最为显著.螺旋藻次之,而大豆的作用稍弱.
目的 觀察高攝鋁狀態下氟中毒大鼠大豆、硒粉、螺鏇藻的榦預效果.方法 將斷乳2週的SD純繫大鼠40隻(雌雄各半)按體質量隨機分為5組:對照組、高氟鋁組、高氟鋁加大豆組、高氟鋁加硒組和高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組,每組8隻.對照組食用非病區玉米加工的飼料(含氟5.20 mg/L,含鋁6.80 mg/L),飲用自來水(含氟0.70 mg/L,含鋁0.20 mg/L).其餘各組均食用以病區玉米為主加工而成的飼料(含氟110.00 mg/kg,含鋁19.70mg/L),飲用自來水配製的高鋁水(含氟0.70 mg/L,含鋁90.00 mg/L).高氟鋁加大豆組在實驗開始即添加大豆(大豆佔飼料的30%),高氟鋁加硒組和高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組在動物齣現氟斑牙後飼料中分彆添加硒(3.00mg/kg)、螺鏇藻(1000.00 mg/kg),實驗期為22週.大鼠處死前收集24 h尿液,用于尿氟、鋁的測定;大鼠處死後取四肢骨用于骨氟、鋁測定;電鏡下觀察大鼠股骨鬆質骨的超微結構變化.結果 ①骨氟:高氟鋁組的骨氟[(204.07±63.78)mg/kg]高于對照組、高氟鋁加大豆組、高氟鋁加硒組和高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組[(30.06±6.11)、(54.12±14.56)、(30.44±5.02)、(105.08±21.07)mg/kg,t=0.62、0.53、0.62、0.35,P均<0.01];高氟銷加硒組骨氟低于高氟釩加螺鏇藻組(t=0.27,P<0.01).②尿氟:高氟鋁組尿氟[(4.52±3.09)mg/L]高于對照組[(0.89±0.37)mg/L,t=0.23,P<0.01],低于高氟鋁加硒組[(10.38±1.58)mg/L,t=0.34,P<0.01];高氟鋁加硒組尿氟高于高氟鋁加大豆組、高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組[(5.56±1.69)、(4.38±3.36)mg/L,t=0.28、0.35,P均<0.01].③骨鋁:對照組骨鋁[(3.32±3.02)mg/kg]明顯低于高氟鋁組、高氟鋁加大豆組、高氟鋁加硒組和高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組[(374.21±56.11)、(118.20±23.59)、(114.01±22.84)、(67.11±11.53)mg/kg,t=1.42、0.44、0.42、0.24,P均<0.05];高氟銷組骨鋁也明顯高于高氟鋁加大豆組、高氟鋁加硒組、高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組(t=0.56、0.57、0.68,P均<0.01);高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組骨鋁低于高氟鋁加大豆組、高氟鋁加硒組(t=0.11、0.10,P均<0.05).④尿鋁:高氟鋁組尿鋁[(1.14±0.32)mg/L]高于對照組、高氟鋁加大豆組[(0.73±0.11)、(0.66±0.10)mg/L,t=1.92、2.24,P均<0.05].高氟鋁加大豆組尿鋁低于高氟鋁加硒組、高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組[(1.03±0.22)、(1.10±0.28)mg/L,t=1.73、2.06,P均<0.05].⑤掃描電鏡下高氟鋁組骨膠原纖維排列紊亂,骨小樑髮生融閤成片,小樑吸收孔大多消失,其損害最為嚴重.在榦預組其骨膠原纖維走嚮大緻可見,小樑融閤現象較高氟鋁組為輕,其中以高氟鋁加硒組改善為顯著,高氟鋁加螺鏇藻組次之,而高氟鋁加大豆組的作用稍弱.結論 飼料中加大豆、硒粉、螺鏇藻對高攝鋁狀態下氟中毒大鼠的骨損傷具有緩解作用,其中以硒粉的作用最為顯著.螺鏇藻次之,而大豆的作用稍弱.
목적 관찰고섭려상태하불중독대서대두、서분、라선조적간예효과.방법 장단유2주적SD순계대서40지(자웅각반)안체질량수궤분위5조:대조조、고불려조、고불려가대두조、고불려가서조화고불려가라선조조,매조8지.대조조식용비병구옥미가공적사료(함불5.20 mg/L,함려6.80 mg/L),음용자래수(함불0.70 mg/L,함려0.20 mg/L).기여각조균식용이병구옥미위주가공이성적사료(함불110.00 mg/kg,함려19.70mg/L),음용자래수배제적고려수(함불0.70 mg/L,함려90.00 mg/L).고불려가대두조재실험개시즉첨가대두(대두점사료적30%),고불려가서조화고불려가라선조조재동물출현불반아후사료중분별첨가서(3.00mg/kg)、라선조(1000.00 mg/kg),실험기위22주.대서처사전수집24 h뇨액,용우뇨불、려적측정;대서처사후취사지골용우골불、려측정;전경하관찰대서고골송질골적초미결구변화.결과 ①골불:고불려조적골불[(204.07±63.78)mg/kg]고우대조조、고불려가대두조、고불려가서조화고불려가라선조조[(30.06±6.11)、(54.12±14.56)、(30.44±5.02)、(105.08±21.07)mg/kg,t=0.62、0.53、0.62、0.35,P균<0.01];고불소가서조골불저우고불범가라선조조(t=0.27,P<0.01).②뇨불:고불려조뇨불[(4.52±3.09)mg/L]고우대조조[(0.89±0.37)mg/L,t=0.23,P<0.01],저우고불려가서조[(10.38±1.58)mg/L,t=0.34,P<0.01];고불려가서조뇨불고우고불려가대두조、고불려가라선조조[(5.56±1.69)、(4.38±3.36)mg/L,t=0.28、0.35,P균<0.01].③골려:대조조골려[(3.32±3.02)mg/kg]명현저우고불려조、고불려가대두조、고불려가서조화고불려가라선조조[(374.21±56.11)、(118.20±23.59)、(114.01±22.84)、(67.11±11.53)mg/kg,t=1.42、0.44、0.42、0.24,P균<0.05];고불소조골려야명현고우고불려가대두조、고불려가서조、고불려가라선조조(t=0.56、0.57、0.68,P균<0.01);고불려가라선조조골려저우고불려가대두조、고불려가서조(t=0.11、0.10,P균<0.05).④뇨려:고불려조뇨려[(1.14±0.32)mg/L]고우대조조、고불려가대두조[(0.73±0.11)、(0.66±0.10)mg/L,t=1.92、2.24,P균<0.05].고불려가대두조뇨려저우고불려가서조、고불려가라선조조[(1.03±0.22)、(1.10±0.28)mg/L,t=1.73、2.06,P균<0.05].⑤소묘전경하고불려조골효원섬유배렬문란,골소량발생융합성편,소량흡수공대다소실,기손해최위엄중.재간예조기골효원섬유주향대치가견,소량융합현상교고불려조위경,기중이고불려가서조개선위현저,고불려가라선조조차지,이고불려가대두조적작용초약.결론 사료중가대두、서분、라선조대고섭려상태하불중독대서적골손상구유완해작용,기중이서분적작용최위현저.라선조차지,이대두적작용초약.
Objective To study the intervention effect of the fluorosis with the high aluminum plus soybean, selenium powder, spiral algae. Methods Two week-long SD rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups bases on body weight with 8 in each group, respectively being control, the high fluoride aluminum,the high fluoride aluminum plus soybean, the high fluoride aluminum plus selenium and the high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae group. The control group was fed with corn produced in non-endemic area containing 5.20 mg/L of fluoride and 6.80 mg/L of aluminum and tap water of fluoride 0.70 mg/L and aluminum 0.20 mg/L. Other groups were fed primarily with corn produced in the endemic area with the content of fluoride of 110.00 mg/L and aluminum of 19.70 mg/L and tap water with high aluminum also with fluoride of 0.70 mg/L and aluminum of 90.00 mg/L. The high fluoride aluminum plus soybean group was added soybean in the beginning of the experiment, approximately 30% of the total amount. Selenium (3.00 mg/kg) was given to the high fluoride aluminum plus selenium groups and spiral algae (1000.00 mg/kg) to the high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae groups after dental fluorosis was formed. The experiment lasted for 22 weeks. In the end of the experiment 24-hour urine and bones of the limbs were collected to test the content of fluorine and aluminum. The ultrastructure of femur spongiosa was observed under electron microscope. Results ① Bone fluoride in high fluoride aluminum group [(204.07 ± 63.78)mg/kg] was higher than that in the control group, high fluoride aluminum plus soybean group, high fluoride aluminum plus selenium group and high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae group[(30.06 ± 6.11), (54.12 ± 14.56), (30.44 ± 5.02), (105.08 ± 21.07)mg/kg, t = 0.62,0.53,0.62,0.35, all P < 0.01], indicating that it was lower in high fluoride aluminum plus selenium group than high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae group(t = 0.27, P < 0.01). ② The urinary fluoride levels in high fluoride aluminum group [(4.52 ± 3.09)mg/L] was higher than that in the control group [(0.89± 0.37)mg/L, t = 0.23, P < 0.01] and lower than that in the fluoride aluminum plus selenium group[(10.38 ± 1.58) mg/L, t = 0.34, P < 0.01], it was higher in high fluoride sluminum with selenium group than that in the high fluoride aluminum plus soybean group and high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae group[(5.56 ± 1.69), (4.38 ± 3.36)mg/L, t = 0.28,0.35, all P < 0.05]. ③ The bone aluminum level in the control group[(3.32 ± 3.02)mg/kg] was lower than that in the high fluoride aluminum group, high fluoride aluminum plus soybean group, high fluoride aluminum plus selenium group and high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae group [(374.21 ± 56.11), (118.20 ± 23.59), (114.01 ± 22.84), (67.11 ± 11.53)mg/kg, t = 1.42,0.44,0.42,0.24, all P < 0.05], it was higher in the high fluoride aluminum group than high fluoride aluminum plus the soybean and selenium and spiral algae groups (t = 0.56,0.57,0.68, all P < 0.01)lower in high fluoride aluminum plus spiral algae group than the soybean plus selenium group(t = 0.11,0.10, all P < 0.05). ④The urine aluminum level in high fluoride aluminum group [(1.14 ± 0.32)mg/L] was higher than that in the control group and the high fluoride aluminum plus the soybean group [(0.66 ± 0.10) mg/L, t = 1.92,2.24, all P< 0.05] and that in high fluoride aluminum plus the soybean group was lower than aluminum plus the selenium[(1.03 ± 0.22)mg/L] and aluminum plus spiral algae group[(1.10 ± 0.28) mg/L, t = 1.73,2.06, all P < 0.05]. ⑤ Under electron microscope, the collagenous fiber was arranged in disorder in high aluminum fluorine group, the trabeculum of bone merged into patches or mostly vanished, This phenomenon was alleviated in the intervened group compared to the high aluminum fluorine group, in an attenuating order of the selenium group, the spiral algae and the soybean group. Conclusion In this experiment the intervention measure alleviates fluorosis, the selenium is the best, spiral algae the second and soybean the last.
