CAJ | 학술논문

选择健康的体质量为(5.89±0.36) g鲤鱼Cyprinus carpio鱼种为试验鱼,以生大豆粉和不同处理的大豆制品分别替代鱼粉,大豆蛋白分别替代鱼粉蛋白的50%,配制5个等蛋白(可消化蛋白质量分数为30%)、等能(可消化能15 MJ·kg~(-1))的半精制饲料,探讨饲料中不同处理的大豆制品对鱼粉蛋白的替代对鲤鱼生长、饲料利用和体组成的影响.结果表明:平均增质量率热处理大豆组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),生大豆组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),化学钝化组、热处理大豆组和热乙醇浸提组之间没有显著差异(P>0.05),但都显著高于生大豆组(P<0.05).化学钝化组和热处理大豆组的蛋白效率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),生大豆组的蛋白效率显著低于对照组、化学钝化组和热处理大豆组(P<0.05),但与热乙醇浸提组没有显著差异(P>0.05).热处理大豆组的饲料系数与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),其他各组之间没有显著差异(P>0.05).生大豆组显著影响鱼类的水分、脂肪和灰分的含量(P<0.05).在该试验条件下,热处理大豆组要好于其他各处理组.大豆抗营养因子对鱼类负面影响程度的顺序是抗胰蛋白酶抑制因子> 凝集素> 大豆抗原蛋白,降低抗营养因子的负面影响程度的处理顺序是热处理>化学钝化>热乙醇浸提.
선택건강적체질량위(5.89±0.36) g리어Cyprinus carpio어충위시험어,이생대두분화불동처리적대두제품분별체대어분,대두단백분별체대어분단백적50%,배제5개등단백(가소화단백질량분수위30%)、등능(가소화능15 MJ·kg~(-1))적반정제사료,탐토사료중불동처리적대두제품대어분단백적체대대리어생장、사료이용화체조성적영향.결과표명:평균증질량솔열처리대두조여대조조차이불현저(P>0.05),생대두조현저저우대조조(P<0.05),화학둔화조、열처리대두조화열을순침제조지간몰유현저차이(P>0.05),단도현저고우생대두조(P<0.05).화학둔화조화열처리대두조적단백효솔여대조조차이불현저(P>0.05),생대두조적단백효솔현저저우대조조、화학둔화조화열처리대두조(P<0.05),단여열을순침제조몰유현저차이(P>0.05).열처리대두조적사료계수여대조조차이불현저(P>0.05),단현저저우기타각조(P<0.05),기타각조지간몰유현저차이(P>0.05).생대두조현저영향어류적수분、지방화회분적함량(P<0.05).재해시험조건하,열처리대두조요호우기타각처리조.대두항영양인자대어류부면영향정도적순서시항이단백매억제인자> 응집소> 대두항원단백,강저항영양인자적부면영향정도적처리순서시열처리>화학둔화>열을순침제.
The effect of replacing fish meal with raw and variously processed soybeans meal on growth,feed utilization and carcass composition of common carp,Cyprinus carpio was evaluated in an 8-week trail.The common carp fingerlings [initial body mass (5.89±0.36) g] were fed five isonitrogenous and isocaloric feeds containing 30% digestible protein and 15 MJ·kg~(-1) digestible energy.Feeds contained SBM replace 50% of the fish meal protein,such as raw soybean (RSB),processed soybean by chemical inactivator,processed soybean by heating,processed soybean by heat alcohol respectively.Results showed that the dietary of RSB caused reduced growth (P<0.05) and increased feed conversion ration (FCR).There is no significantly difference among five groups for feed intake,The growth performances of carp fed processed soybeans by chemical inactivator and by heating were significantly superior to those fed RSB,and similar to those fed soybean meal,RSB had no effect on growth,feed intake and FCR.It was concluded that the dietary RSB significantly inhibited the growth of carp,and the activity of soybean trypsin inhibitors could be reduced to the acceptable levels by processing of chemical inactivator and heating.Nutrient composition of fish muscle such as moisture,fat and ash content was significantly affected by raw soybean (P<0.05).The effect of processing of heating on fish was superior to other groups.The degree of negative effect of soybean anti-nutritional factors on fish is anti-trypsin inhibitor > agglutinin > soybean antigen protein under the experimental condition,proper control can reduce the negative impact of soybean anti-nutritional factors on fish,such as heating> processing of chemical inactivator> processed by heat alcohol.