CAJ | 학술논문

当前,生态修复和生态补偿的相关理论在发达国家较为盛行,也有许多值得借鉴的模式.本文以日本为研究对象,重点研究了在推行生态修复和生态补偿过程中的经验教训.基于长时间在日本佐渡岛上的实地调研和深度访谈,从微观的视角分析在各级政府积极推进朱鹮生息环境修复的背景下,以农户为主体的区域居民的意识和行为,揭示了区域环境整治和农户农业经营之间的矛盾.通过深入比较传统农业经营和环境友好型农业经营在经济效益上的差异,阐明了农户反对朱鹮野化放飞和生态修复的必然性.从而提出为了尽快扭转发展中国家区域间、群体间生态效益及相关经济效益分配不公平的局面,利用经济、社会政策以及法律手段,寻求切合区域实际、各具特色的生态补偿方式的重要性.
당전,생태수복화생태보상적상관이론재발체국가교위성행,야유허다치득차감적모식.본문이일본위연구대상,중점연구료재추행생태수복화생태보상과정중적경험교훈.기우장시간재일본좌도도상적실지조연화심도방담,종미관적시각분석재각급정부적겁추진주환생식배경수복적배경하,이농호위주체적구역거민적의식화행위,게시료구역배경정치화농호농업경영지간적모순.통과심입비교전통농업경영화배경우호형농업경영재경제효익상적차이,천명료농호반대주환야화방비화생태수복적필연성.종이제출위료진쾌뉴전발전중국가구역간、군체간생태효익급상관경제효익분배불공평적국면,이용경제、사회정책이급법률수단,심구절합구역실제、각구특색적생태보상방식적중요성.
To date,theories of eco-compensation and biological restoration have been popular,and some models in developed countries are treated as good examples.Here,we not only focus on Japan,but also pay more attention to challenges during this process.Based on a long-term field study on Sado Island,a less developed region in Japan,we attempt to describe how the government carries out environmental remediation towards the reintroduction of ibis (Species name) into the wild,and the conflict between ibis habitat restoration and farm management.We discuss the underlying reasons for this conflict and the negative effect on regional development.We follow policy improvements of the local government and related supplementary help carried out to fix the mismatch between the payment for ecological benefits and that lost by farmers in the pre-period.We conclude that the coordination of interest among different social groups is the key for success in ecological restoration and compensatory measures have to be made to meet the actual needs of the local groups.This case study in Japan can be applied to similar regions with poor environments and urgent environment restoration needs in China.