CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解甘肃省地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)病区分布和改水降氟工程运行现状.方法 2006年在甘肃省地氟病病区,对未改水村进行水源水氟检测:对已改水村进行降氟改水工程运行情况调查和水氟测定;在已查出的高氟村,对儿童进行氟斑牙和成人氟骨症患病情况调查.水氟测定采用氟离子选择电极法,儿童氟斑牙调查采用Dean法,氟骨症诊断执行<地方性氟骨症临床分度诊断>(GB 16396-1996)标准.结果共调查了26个县、1997个村的不同类型饮用水源,水源水含氟量>1.0 mg/L的村占29.94%(598/1997).共调查各类改水工程1215处.能正常供水的工程占工程总数的94.90%(1153/1215),间歇供水工程和已报废工程分别占工程总数的2.96%(36/1215)和2.14%(26/1215).出厂水水氟均值≤1.0 mg/L的工程占检测工程数的90.79%(1084/1194),末梢水水氟均值≤1.0 mg/L的工程占检测工程数的91.75%(1068/1164).共检查8～12岁儿童86 390人,儿童氟斑牙检出率为22.47%(19 414/86 390).共检查16岁以上成人142 211人,临床Ⅱ度及以上氟骨症检出率为4.20%(5967/142 211).结论甘肃省少部分病区高氟水源依然存在,降氟改水工程报废和超标现象普遍;部分病区儿童氟斑牙和成人氟骨症尚在流行,防治任务依然艰巨,应加大改水力度,提高防病改水效益.
목적 료해감숙성지방성불중독(간칭지불병)병구분포화개수강불공정운행현상.방법 2006년재감숙성지불병병구,대미개수촌진행수원수불검측:대이개수촌진행강불개수공정운행정황조사화수불측정;재이사출적고불촌,대인동진행불반아화성인불골증환병정황조사.수불측정채용불리자선택전겁법,인동불반아조사채용Dean법,불골증진단집행<지방성불골증림상분도진단>(GB 16396-1996)표준.결과 공조사료26개현、1997개촌적불동류형음용수원,수원수함불량>1.0 mg/L적촌점29.94%(598/1997).공조사각류개수공정1215처.능정상공수적공정점공정총수적94.90%(1153/1215),간헐공수공정화이보폐공정분별점공정총수적2.96%(36/1215)화2.14%(26/1215).출엄수수불균치≤1.0 mg/L적공정점검측공정수적90.79%(1084/1194),말소수수불균치≤1.0 mg/L적공정점검측공정수적91.75%(1068/1164).공검사8～12세인동86 390인,인동불반아검출솔위22.47%(19 414/86 390).공검사16세이상성인142 211인,림상Ⅱ도급이상불골증검출솔위4.20%(5967/142 211).결론 감숙성소부분병구고불수원의연존재,강불개수공정보폐화초표현상보편;부분병구인동불반아화성인불골증상재류행,방치임무의연간거,응가대개수력도,제고방병개수효익.
Objective To understand distribution of the endemic fluorosis areas and running status of water-improving defuoridation projects in Gausu province. Methods In 2006, Gansu province endemic fluorosis areas, the content of fluoride in drinking water was measured in villages where water was not improved, running status of delluoridation projects was investigated and the content of fluoride in drinking water were determined in villages where water was improved. Dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis prevalence were examined in children in identified high-fluorlde villages. The fluorine content in drinking water was determined by F-ion selective electrode, dental fluorosis of children was diagnosed using Dean method, and adults skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed according to "National Standard for Clinical Diagnosis of Endemic Skeletal Fhiorosis" (GB 16396-1996). Results Water samples were examined in 1997 villages of 26 countries, among which water fluoride content was higher than 1.0 mg/L in 598 villages, accounting for 29.94%(598/1997). All 1215 water-improving and defluoridation projects had been investigated, among which 94.90%(1153/1215) of the projects were functioning well, and intermittent and abandoned projects accounted for 2.96%(36/1215) and 2.14%(26/1215). Mean fluoride of treated water of 1084 water-improving and defluoridation projects had water fluoride content ≤ 1.0 mg/L, accounted for 90.79%(1084/1194) ; mean fluoride of water from 1068 water-improving and defluoridation projects had water fuoride content ≤ 1.0 mg/L, accounting for 91.75%(1068/1164). Total 86 390 children of 8 to 12 year-old were examined, the detectable rate of dental fluorosis was 22.47%(19 414/86 390) and 142 211 adults above 16 year-old were examined, the detectable rate of skeletal fluorosis was 4.20%(5967/142 211). Conclusions Some villages yet have water fluoride content exceeding the standard. Some projects are abandoned and running badly, leading to fluoride content exceeding the standard. In a few areas, the prevalence of children dental fluorosis and adult skeletal fluorosis still exists in Gansu province, the task of prevention and control for endemic fluorosis is still arduous. We must raise the effect of prevention and treatment of this disease.