CAJ | 학술논문

电催化反应过程涉及固、液、气传输以及电子和质子传导,为确保反应的顺利进行和提高催化剂中贵金属的利用率及延长催化剂的寿命,理想的电催化剂载体必须同时具备高比表面积、导电性好、合适的孔结构、耐腐蚀以及合适的表面基团等.为此,碳载体的改性工作受到关注,常用的方法是通过酸、碱、氧化和高分子等手段改变载体的结构和表面性质,以期接近理想电催化剂载体的要求:同时在开发新型碳载体方面做了更大量的工作.本文简要评述了商品炭载体如碳黑Vulcan XC-72R以及其它的乙炔黑、黑珍珠.2000、PrintexXE-2和Ketjen Black EC等碳材料在直接醇燃料电池中的应用,但对纳米碳纤维、碳纳米管、有序多孔碳、中间相碳小球、碳纳米角、碳纳米卷和碳气凝胶等新型碳载体则进行了较全面的评述.与商品碳载体相比,新型碳载体在一定程度上都表现出比XC-72R更优的性能,这主要是因为新型碳材料具有特殊的结构、更高的结晶性能(导电性)和更好的传质能力.
전최화반응과정섭급고、액、기전수이급전자화질자전도,위학보반응적순리진행화제고최화제중귀금속적이용솔급연장최화제적수명,이상적전최화제재체필수동시구비고비표면적、도전성호、합괄적공결구、내부식이급합괄적표면기단등.위차,탄재체적개성공작수도관주,상용적방법시통과산、감、양화화고분자등수단개변재체적결구화표면성질,이기접근이상전최화제재체적요구:동시재개발신형탄재체방면주료경대량적공작.본문간요평술료상품탄재체여탄흑Vulcan XC-72R이급기타적을결흑、흑진주.2000、PrintexXE-2화Ketjen Black EC등탄재료재직접순연료전지중적응용,단대납미탄섬유、탄납미관、유서다공탄、중간상탄소구、탄납미각、탄납미권화탄기응효등신형탄재체칙진행료교전면적평술.여상품탄재체상비,신형탄재체재일정정도상도표현출비XC-72R경우적성능,저주요시인위신형탄재료구유특수적결구、경고적결정성능(도전성)화경호적전질능력.
Electrocatalytic reactions in direct alcohol fuel cells involve solid, liquid, and gas phase transport and electron and proton transfer. Better supports for the electrocatalysts are needed to carry out the reactions successfully and give a longer lifetime for the electrocatalysts. An ideal carbon support should have a high specific surface area, good electric conductivity, suitable pore size, favorable surface functional groups, good corrosion resistance, and low cost. Much work has been done on developing new carbon materials and modifying the carbon materials by pretreatment with acid, alkali, oxidant, or polymer to meet these requirements. In this work, commercial carbon supports that include the widely used carbon black Vulcan XC-72R, acetylene black, black pearls 2000, Printex XE-2, and Ketjen Black EC were briefly reviewed. New carbon materials such as carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, ordered porous carbon, mesocarbon microbeads, carbon nanohorus, carbon nanocoils, and carbon aerogels were reviewed in detail. These new carbon materials generally give better performance due to their special structure, better crystallinity, and faster mass transfer when compared to the commercial materials, and carbon nanotubes demonstrated the best performance up to the present time.