CAJ | 학술논문

湖北屈家岭遗址附近的河湖相沉积剖面及文化层的孢粉和炭屑分析表明,距今5400-4200年间,遗址周边地区分布有常绿阔叶和落叶阔叶林,大量的禾本科(Gramineae)和松属(Pinus)花粉及炭屑表明这一时期有强烈的人类活动,暖湿的气候条件为屈家岭文化和石家河文化发展奠定了基础.距今4200-2200年间,莎草科(Cyperaceae)花粉和水蕨(Ceratopteris)孢子的减少反映生境干旱化,遗址周边发育由蒿属(Artemisia)、藜科(Chenopodiaceae)、唐松草(Thalictrum)和蕨类植物组成的坡草丛;这种生境干旱化是由气候变干和强烈人类活动所致.伴随着生境日趋干旱化,屈家岭文化和石家河文化走向衰亡.距今2200年前,莎草科花粉和水蕨孢子含量增加表明这一时期遗址周围生境比较湿润,与此同时,大量的禾本科花粉及高浓度的炭屑指示着又一人类活动高潮期的到来.
호북굴가령유지부근적하호상침적부면급문화층적포분화탄설분석표명,거금5400-4200년간,유지주변지구분포유상록활협화락협활협림,대량적화본과(Gramineae)화송속(Pinus)화분급탄설표명저일시기유강렬적인류활동,난습적기후조건위굴가령문화화석가하문화발전전정료기출.거금4200-2200년간,사초과(Cyperaceae)화분화수궐(Ceratopteris)포자적감소반영생경간한화,유지주변발육유호속(Artemisia)、려과(Chenopodiaceae)、당송초(Thalictrum)화궐류식물조성적파초총;저충생경간한화시유기후변간화강렬인류활동소치.반수착생경일추간한화,굴가령문화화석가하문화주향쇠망.거금2200년전,사초과화분화수궐포자함량증가표명저일시기유지주위생경비교습윤,여차동시,대량적화본과화분급고농도적탄설지시착우일인류활동고조기적도래.
Palynological and charcoal analyses of both the sedimentary profile and cultural layers of Qujialing site, Hubei Province suggest that evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous broad-leaved forests were distributed in the surrounding areas of the site between 5400 and 4200 a BP. Abundant Gramineae and Pinus pollens and charcoal points to strong human activities; the warm and wet climate during this period provided favourable condition for the development of Qujialing and Shijiahe Cultures. During 4200-2200 a BP, grassland which is composed of Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Thalictrum and ferns etc. was developed. The decline of the Cyperaceae and Ceratopteris indicates a shift to more arid environment, resulting in a widespread grassland. The trend towards more arid environment was mainly caused by a stronger human activity and subsequent drier climate. Along with the increasing aridity, the Qujialing and Shijiahe Cultures became declined and eventually collapsed. By 2200 a BP,an increase of Cyperaceae pollens and Ceratopteris spores suggests that relatively moist habitats existed during this period around the Qujialing site. Meanwhile, the rich Gramineae and high concentration of microcharcoal particles indicate the arrival of another prosperous period in human history.