CAJ | 학술논문

目的研究影响患生殖道感染的妇女利用卫生服务的心理社会因素.方法采用Aday和Andersen的社会行为模式,于1998-1999年,在河北省迁安县和北京,对有生殖道感染症状的已婚妇女共864例(其中,农村378例,城市486例)进行了横断面调查.采用SPSS/PC 7.5进行统计分析.结果城市和农村已婚妇女自述生殖道感染的发病率分别为35.6%和46.8%,患生殖道感染妇女的就诊率分别为27.5%和26.7%.与城市妇女相比,农村妇女有关生殖道感染方面的知识明显少,认为该病是严重的疾病,认为社会对患此病的妇女有歧视,对医院的满意程度高.Logistic回归分析显示:影响城乡患生殖道感染的妇女利用卫生服务的共同因素为本次患病情况.影响城市妇女利用卫生服务的因素还有医务人员的服务态度、医务人员提供的信息、职业、既往生殖道感染情况以及医疗付费方式.影响农村妇女利用卫生服务的因素还有自我治疗生殖道感染的知识、既往生殖道感染情况、认为社会对患生殖道感染妇女的歧视、对生殖道感染严重性的认识和家庭收入.结论城乡妇女生殖道感染的发病率高,就诊率低.很有必要针对城乡妇女,开展不同形式的健康教育,提高妇女对生殖道感染疾病的认识,提高妇女的自我保健意识,并且应对妇女定期进行体格检查.同时提高医疗服务质量及服务态度也势在必行.此外需要不断完善医疗体制的改革,并且给妇女更多的支持.
목적연구영향환생식도감염적부녀이용위생복무적심리사회인소.방법채용Aday화Andersen적사회행위모식,우1998-1999년,재하북성천안현화북경,대유생식도감염증상적이혼부녀공864례(기중,농촌378례,성시486례)진행료횡단면조사.채용SPSS/PC 7.5진행통계분석.결과성시화농촌이혼부녀자술생식도감염적발병솔분별위35.6%화46.8%,환생식도감염부녀적취진솔분별위27.5%화26.7%.여성시부녀상비,농촌부녀유관생식도감염방면적지식명현소,인위해병시엄중적질병,인위사회대환차병적부녀유기시,대의원적만의정도고.Logistic회귀분석현시:영향성향환생식도감염적부녀이용위생복무적공동인소위본차환병정황.영향성시부녀이용위생복무적인소환유의무인원적복무태도、의무인원제공적신식、직업、기왕생식도감염정황이급의료부비방식.영향농촌부녀이용위생복무적인소환유자아치료생식도감염적지식、기왕생식도감염정황、인위사회대환생식도감염부녀적기시、대생식도감염엄중성적인식화가정수입.결론성향부녀생식도감염적발병솔고,취진솔저.흔유필요침대성향부녀,개전불동형식적건강교육,제고부녀대생식도감염질병적인식,제고부녀적자아보건의식,병차응대부녀정기진행체격검사.동시제고의료복무질량급복무태도야세재필행.차외수요불단완선의료체제적개혁,병차급부녀경다적지지.
Objective To provide insight into the psychosocial factors underlying the utilisation of health services by women with reproductive tract infection (RTI) symptoms.Methods A cross-sectional study, adopting Aday and Andersen's Social Behaviour Model, was conducted between 1998 and 1999 in Chinese Hebei province and Beijing. A total of 864 eligible married women (age 21 to 60 years) were face to face interviewed.Results The percentage of self-reported symptoms of RTIs in urban and rural women was 35.6 and 46.8, respectively; the proportion of women with RTIs who utilised health services was 27.5% and 26.7%, respectively. Compared to urban women, rural women had less knowledge on RTIs and more traditional beliefs, and were more satisfied with local health services. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the common factor influencing health service utilisation in women with RTIs was current experience of RTIs. Knowledge about self-medication, perceived social stigma attached to RTIs, prior experience of RTIs, family income and perceived severity of RTIs were also predictors of utilisation of health services in rural women with RTIs. Satisfaction with health providers, information received from health providers, prior experience of RTIs, occupation and medical care coverage were predictors of utilisation of health services in urban women with RTIs. Conclusion The prevalence of RTIs is high, but the rate of seeking health services is low. There is a great need for emphasizing culturally acceptable reproductive health education in different places to improve women's ability for self-care. Regular medical check-ups for women are also important. It is necessary to improve the quality of health service, complete the reform of health insurance and alleviate women's social stigma related to RTIs, giving women social and moral support.