搏击：武术科学
搏擊：武術科學
박격：무술과학
2011年
6期
15-18
,共4页
汉画像石%武术现象%社会形态%民族精神
漢畫像石%武術現象%社會形態%民族精神
한화상석%무술현상%사회형태%민족정신
figure stones of the Han Dynasty Wushu social pattern nationality
汉画像石的产生和发展是一种社会现象,反映了汉代社会的经济、政治和社会生活中的主流思想,以及由此而形成的墓葬制度与习俗方面的变化,是汉代社会景象的再现。汉画像石具有承载历史文化的作用,其中出土和发现的手搏、击刺、武舞、剑舞、刀舞等汉画像蕴含着汉代的武术文化现象,同时隐射汉代的民族精神,汉画像石承载民族精神的历史文化价值的作用是毋庸置疑的。通过实地考察和检索文献资料,收集大量相关武术的汉画像石资料,从文化学视角分析其中武术画像所折射的汉代武术文化特征,得出结论：汉代武术具有了弓步、马步、仆步、跪步等基本步型,可能已经形成了古拙简朴的武术套路;武术的实用性与竞赛性、娱乐性并存,武术对练和竞赛的雏形已经具备;＂角抵＂比赛已经完善,相应产生了教练员和裁判员;汉代武术已经渗透到人们的生活、娱乐和教育之中,表现出汉代人民具有崇尚斗争、彰显武力、宽宏豁达的民族精神。
漢畫像石的產生和髮展是一種社會現象,反映瞭漢代社會的經濟、政治和社會生活中的主流思想,以及由此而形成的墓葬製度與習俗方麵的變化,是漢代社會景象的再現。漢畫像石具有承載歷史文化的作用,其中齣土和髮現的手搏、擊刺、武舞、劍舞、刀舞等漢畫像蘊含著漢代的武術文化現象,同時隱射漢代的民族精神,漢畫像石承載民族精神的歷史文化價值的作用是毌庸置疑的。通過實地攷察和檢索文獻資料,收集大量相關武術的漢畫像石資料,從文化學視角分析其中武術畫像所摺射的漢代武術文化特徵,得齣結論：漢代武術具有瞭弓步、馬步、僕步、跪步等基本步型,可能已經形成瞭古拙簡樸的武術套路;武術的實用性與競賽性、娛樂性併存,武術對練和競賽的雛形已經具備;＂角牴＂比賽已經完善,相應產生瞭教練員和裁判員;漢代武術已經滲透到人們的生活、娛樂和教育之中,錶現齣漢代人民具有崇尚鬥爭、彰顯武力、寬宏豁達的民族精神。
한화상석적산생화발전시일충사회현상,반영료한대사회적경제、정치화사회생활중적주류사상,이급유차이형성적묘장제도여습속방면적변화,시한대사회경상적재현。한화상석구유승재역사문화적작용,기중출토화발현적수박、격자、무무、검무、도무등한화상온함착한대적무술문화현상,동시은사한대적민족정신,한화상석승재민족정신적역사문화개치적작용시무용치의적。통과실지고찰화검색문헌자료,수집대량상관무술적한화상석자료,종문화학시각분석기중무술화상소절사적한대무술문화특정,득출결론：한대무술구유료궁보、마보、부보、궤보등기본보형,가능이경형성료고졸간박적무술투로;무술적실용성여경새성、오악성병존,무술대련화경새적추형이경구비;＂각저＂비새이경완선,상응산생료교련원화재판원;한대무술이경삼투도인문적생활、오악화교육지중,표현출한대인민구유숭상두쟁、창현무력、관굉활체적민족정신。
Figure stones,mostly tomb stones,are sheets of stone on which figures and pictures were carved.Figures on such stones from Han Dynasty reflect a lot about this dynasty＇s social,economic and cultural phenomena.They serve as means for transmitting cultural heritage.On these stones,such figures as hand fighting,fencing,Wushu dancing,sward play tell us a lot about Wushu development at the time and also imply the ethnic spirits of the time.Their role in carrying down the nationality and Wushu culture is beyond questioning.Study on these figure stones has led to the following findings： 1,the basic stances were already in existence,including bow stance,horse-riding stance,crouch stance,squatting stance,and probably simple stance forms of Wushu had already been designed and developed;2,the pragmatic use,competitiveness,and entertain mental quality of Wushu were all combined into one,and the rudiments of contending practice and competition appeared;3,＂wrestling＂ competition was quite developed,and there were trainers and judges for such competitions;4.Wushu had entered people＇s life,entertainment,and education of children,showing the national spirit of the time-honoring physical health and strength,no fear for fighting,peace-loving and leniency for others.
