CAJ | 학술논문

法院委任的鉴定人因出具错误鉴定意见而致法院错判时，侵害了当事人的胜诉利益，其责任性质为侵权责任。胜诉利益在侵权责任法上的保护程度弱于民法上的绝对权，法院委任的鉴定人实施的鉴定是一项准司法行为，现阶段我国鉴定人的执业风险分散机制尚不完善，这三方面决定了对鉴定人的错鉴侵权责任应采取一种相对限制的态度，其构成要件为：鉴定人出具了错误的鉴定意见；鉴定人有故意或重大过失；错误的鉴定意见给享有胜诉利益的主体造成了实际损害；受害人对于错判已经无法通过司法救济的途径予以挽救，并且受害人对此并无过错。
법원위임적감정인인출구착오감정의견이치법원착판시，침해료당사인적성소이익，기책임성질위침권책임。성소이익재침권책임법상적보호정도약우민법상적절대권，법원위임적감정인실시적감정시일항준사법행위，현계단아국감정인적집업풍험분산궤제상불완선，저삼방면결정료대감정인적착감침권책임응채취일충상대한제적태도，기구성요건위：감정인출구료착오적감정의견；감정인유고의혹중대과실；착오적감정의견급향유성소이익적주체조성료실제손해；수해인대우착판이경무법통과사법구제적도경여이만구，병차수해인대차병무과착。
If an expert appointed by the court submits a false expert opinion, then he is liable to make compensation for the damage incurred by a party to the proceedings as a result of a court decision based on this expert opinion.The nature of the liability is tort.The protection of the interests of winning the suit is weaker than of the absolute civil rights,the court-appointed forensic expert＇s appraisement is a kind of quasi-judicial action, the distributing system of the forensic expert＇s practice risk is not advanced enough at present, this three aspects decide the restricted attitude to the forensic expert liability.The court-appointed forensic expert is liable to make compensation if：he submits a false expert opinion;he intentionally or by gross negligence does it; （3）the party to the proceedings who should win the suit suffers damage by the false expert opinion;liability for damage does not arise if the injured person has intentionally or negligently failed to avert the damage by having recourse to appeal.