地质科技情报
地質科技情報
지질과기정보
GEOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION
2001年
1期
1-7
,共7页
曾佐勋%杨巍然%刘立林%郭铁鹰%Franz Neubauer
曾佐勛%楊巍然%劉立林%郭鐵鷹%Franz Neubauer
증좌훈%양외연%류립림%곽철응%Franz Neubauer
挤出构造%造山带%高喜马拉雅%东阿尔卑斯%西秦岭%松潘—甘孜
擠齣構造%造山帶%高喜馬拉雅%東阿爾卑斯%西秦嶺%鬆潘—甘孜
제출구조%조산대%고희마랍아%동아이비사%서진령%송반—감자
挤出构造模式已经从二维变形进入三维变形研究。在喜马拉雅造山带，高喜马拉雅结晶地体沿北倾的主中央逆冲断层和北倾的绒布寺正断层，表现为相对刚性体之间的韧性体的楔状挤出。非连续介质大变形有限元数值模拟结果为这一模式提供了力学依据。在前人工作的基础上，提出了东阿尔卑斯三维管状挤出模式。将上部脆性层划分出北部左行平移带，南部右行平移带和中部挤出楔。中部韧性层在南阿尔卑斯和欧洲前陆碰撞过程中，既有垂向挤出，也有侧向挤出。在平行缩短方向的剖面上，由箱状背形隆起演化成逆—逆断层组合的楔状挤出，形成三角断面的管状。在垂直缩短方向的剖面上，中部韧性层呈不均匀流动，形成管状层流——韧性层中心为纯剪切，上部和侧部为简单剪切。在陕甘川邻接区，由于祁连山—北秦岭加里东造山带向南的推挤和川西前陆的刚性阻挡，造成西秦岭和东松潘—甘孜复合造山体的三维滑脱挤出。以北西西向玛曲—略阳滑脱逆冲断裂和北东向青川—茂县滑脱逆冲断裂为界，将陕甘川邻接区的三维滑脱挤出复合造山体划分为西秦岭滑脱挤出带、摩天岭—若尔盖滑脱挤出楔和龙门山滑脱挤出逆冲推覆带。以近南北向岷江滑脱逆冲断裂为界将滑脱挤出楔进一步划分成摩天岭滑脱挤出体和若尔盖滑脱挤出体。除了不同构造单元的不均匀隆升外，摩天岭还表现出向西的侧向挤出。
擠齣構造模式已經從二維變形進入三維變形研究。在喜馬拉雅造山帶，高喜馬拉雅結晶地體沿北傾的主中央逆遲斷層和北傾的絨佈寺正斷層，錶現為相對剛性體之間的韌性體的楔狀擠齣。非連續介質大變形有限元數值模擬結果為這一模式提供瞭力學依據。在前人工作的基礎上，提齣瞭東阿爾卑斯三維管狀擠齣模式。將上部脆性層劃分齣北部左行平移帶，南部右行平移帶和中部擠齣楔。中部韌性層在南阿爾卑斯和歐洲前陸踫撞過程中，既有垂嚮擠齣，也有側嚮擠齣。在平行縮短方嚮的剖麵上，由箱狀揹形隆起縯化成逆—逆斷層組閤的楔狀擠齣，形成三角斷麵的管狀。在垂直縮短方嚮的剖麵上，中部韌性層呈不均勻流動，形成管狀層流——韌性層中心為純剪切，上部和側部為簡單剪切。在陝甘川鄰接區，由于祁連山—北秦嶺加裏東造山帶嚮南的推擠和川西前陸的剛性阻擋，造成西秦嶺和東鬆潘—甘孜複閤造山體的三維滑脫擠齣。以北西西嚮瑪麯—略暘滑脫逆遲斷裂和北東嚮青川—茂縣滑脫逆遲斷裂為界，將陝甘川鄰接區的三維滑脫擠齣複閤造山體劃分為西秦嶺滑脫擠齣帶、摩天嶺—若爾蓋滑脫擠齣楔和龍門山滑脫擠齣逆遲推覆帶。以近南北嚮岷江滑脫逆遲斷裂為界將滑脫擠齣楔進一步劃分成摩天嶺滑脫擠齣體和若爾蓋滑脫擠齣體。除瞭不同構造單元的不均勻隆升外，摩天嶺還錶現齣嚮西的側嚮擠齣。
제출구조모식이경종이유변형진입삼유변형연구。재희마랍아조산대，고희마랍아결정지체연북경적주중앙역충단층화북경적융포사정단층，표현위상대강성체지간적인성체적설상제출。비련속개질대변형유한원수치모의결과위저일모식제공료역학의거。재전인공작적기출상，제출료동아이비사삼유관상제출모식。장상부취성층화분출북부좌행평이대，남부우행평이대화중부제출설。중부인성층재남아이비사화구주전륙팽당과정중，기유수향제출，야유측향제출。재평행축단방향적부면상，유상상배형륭기연화성역—역단층조합적설상제출，형성삼각단면적관상。재수직축단방향적부면상，중부인성층정불균균류동，형성관상층류——인성층중심위순전절，상부화측부위간단전절。재협감천린접구，유우기련산—북진령가리동조산대향남적추제화천서전륙적강성조당，조성서진령화동송반—감자복합조산체적삼유활탈제출。이북서서향마곡—략양활탈역충단렬화북동향청천—무현활탈역충단렬위계，장협감천린접구적삼유활탈제출복합조산체화분위서진령활탈제출대、마천령—약이개활탈제출설화룡문산활탈제출역충추복대。이근남북향민강활탈역충단렬위계장활탈제출설진일보화분성마천령활탈제출체화약이개활탈제출체。제료불동구조단원적불균균륭승외，마천령환표현출향서적측향제출。
The model of extrusion tectonics has been generalized to the research of three-dimensional extrusion from two-dimensional extrusion research.In the Himalaya orogenic belt,Higher Himalaya crystalline between the north dipping main central thrust fault and the north dipping Rongbushi normal fault (or Southern Tibet detachment system) yields ductile extrusion in wedge-shape.The finite element modeling with large deformation in noncontinuous media has proved that the normal and thrust faults dipping in the same direction can develop contemporarily under the same contraction regime.On the basis of works of previous researchers,the authors put forward a three-dimensional model of pipe-shaped extrusion for the eastern Alps.The upper brittle layer is divided into three parts,namely,the left-lateral strike-slip belt in the north part,the right-lateral strike-slip belt in the south part and the middle extrusion wedge.In the process of south Alps-Europe foreland collision,not only the vertical extrusion,but also the lateral extrusion develops.On the section parallel to the maximum shortening direction (MSD) the box-shaped anticline uplift revolved into wedge-shaped-extrusion with the combination of the thrust-thrust faults,forming the pipe with a triangular section.While on the section perpendicular to the MSD,the middle ductile layer flows inhomogeneously and form pipe-shaped laminar flows.It is put forward that a three dimensional decollement extrusion of a composite orogenic body exists in the adjoining area of Sichuan,Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces.It consists of the Western Qinling and Eastern Songpan-Garz orogenic belts and develops between the West Sichuan foreland and the rigid indenter of the Qilian-North Qinling Caledonian orogenic belt.It is divided into three first-order tectonic units,by the Maqu-Lueyang fault trending in NNW and the Qingchuan-Maoxian fault trending in NE.They are Western Qinling décollement-extrusion belt,Motianling-Zoig décollement-extrusion wedge and Longmenshan décollement-extr usion thrust belt.The wedge is further subdivided into Motianling décollement-extrusion body and Zoig décollement-extrusion body by the N-S trending Mingjiang fault.The Motianling presents westward lateral extrusion except the inhomogeneous uplift of the different tectonic units.
