CAJ | 학술논문

目前氮肥的利用效率很低,很多研究重点放在氮肥在土壤过程中的损失,对植物本身的氮素损失较少注意.作者利用15NH4+和15NO3-双标记,对Indica和Japonica水稻亚种进行水培,在分蘖期、幼穗分化期、开花期施用,将培养液((N) 20 mg/L的NH4NO3换成相同质量浓度的15NH4NO3或NH415NO3;部分水稻在一周后收获,其他分别在分蘖期、幼穗分化期、开花期、成熟期收获.植株分成根系、地上部和穗部,对各自的全氮、15N进行测定,计算植物的总吸收量.从施用量、植株总吸收量以及三部分总和的植株氮残存量的比较来研究氮素在两种水稻亚种中的行为.研究结果表明,两种植物都近100%吸收了所施用的15NH4NO3 或NH415NO3,但15NH4+和15NO3-在Japonica的残存量要比Indica多,损失的部分可能往大气中散失了,意味着两种水稻亚种有着明显不同的氮素利用率.比较15NH4+和15NO3-的残存量,结果表明15NH4+留在植株体内要比15NO3-多,尤其在抽穗期施用的情况下,植物体在后期对15NO3-的转化能力大大减弱,但这部分的氮如何损失掉尚不清楚.比较植株体内各部分的氮素含量,发现Japonica的穗部比Indica含有更多的氮素,表明氮在前者的体内转化效率和利用效率高.试验结果表明,不同水稻亚种对氮素的利用以及不同氮素形态在其体内的行为不同.
목전담비적이용효솔흔저,흔다연구중점방재담비재토양과정중적손실,대식물본신적담소손실교소주의.작자이용15NH4+화15NO3-쌍표기,대Indica화Japonica수도아충진행수배,재분얼기、유수분화기、개화기시용,장배양액((N) 20 mg/L적NH4NO3환성상동질량농도적15NH4NO3혹NH415NO3;부분수도재일주후수획,기타분별재분얼기、유수분화기、개화기、성숙기수획.식주분성근계、지상부화수부,대각자적전담、15N진행측정,계산식물적총흡수량.종시용량、식주총흡수량이급삼부분총화적식주담잔존량적비교래연구담소재량충수도아충중적행위.연구결과표명,량충식물도근100%흡수료소시용적15NH4NO3 혹NH415NO3,단15NH4+화15NO3-재Japonica적잔존량요비Indica다,손실적부분가능왕대기중산실료,의미착량충수도아충유착명현불동적담소이용솔.비교15NH4+화15NO3-적잔존량,결과표명15NH4+류재식주체내요비15NO3-다,우기재추수기시용적정황하,식물체재후기대15NO3-적전화능력대대감약,단저부분적담여하손실도상불청초.비교식주체내각부분적담소함량,발현Japonica적수부비Indica함유경다적담소,표명담재전자적체내전화효솔화이용효솔고.시험결과표명,불동수도아충대담소적이용이급불동담소형태재기체내적행위불동.
To investigate the behavior of N within rice plants, Japonica (Hinohikari) and Indica (Hadsaduri) types were grown in the culture solution in a green house. The nitrate nitrogen (NO-3-N) or ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) labeled with 15N were supplied to both plants for one week at tillering, panicle initiation and heading stages. The rice plant was harvested immediately after application of 15N at panicle initiation and heading stage respectively. By the determination of NO-3-N and NH4+-N in the solution culture, the 15N amount absorbed from the root during one week was calculated. All harvested plants were separated into the roots, vegetative parts or ears. After the total nitrogen in each plant part was determined by the Kjeldahl method, the 15N was analyzed by emission method.By comparing between Japonica and Indica plants in all growth stages, it is shown that the 15N amount absorbed with both NH4+-N and NO-3-N remained more in the Japonica than in the Indica, while comparing between NH4+-N and NO-3-N treatments, 15N amount absorbed with NH4+-N remained more in the both plants than that with NO-3-N. At maturity stage, 15N amount absorbed with both N forms, observed in ears, remained more in Japonica than in Indica. The result suggests that 15N amount remained in rice plants were different between varieties and supplying N form and among N supplying period.