CAJ | 학술논문

对北京东灵山地区三块样地中的辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)、大叶白蜡(Fraxinus rhynchophylla)和五角枫(Acer mono)种群的分布格局和种群动态进行了考察.调查三块样地中每个树种的全部个体,按高度将它们分为4个不同龄级,用相邻格子样方法进行取样.在研究分布格局时,计算了扩散系数C、扩散型指数Iδ与IA、CA指数和聚块指数m/m等各项指标,测定它们的分布格局,并通过计算拟合它们的分布类型.结果表明,不同地点各种群的幼苗(<0.4 m)、小幼树(0.4～1 m)和大幼树(1～2 m)绝大多数呈聚集分布,少量呈随机分布;成林辽东栎成熟个体(≥2 m)是一种界于均匀分布和随机分布之间的状态,幼林辽东栎成体和灌丛大叶白蜡属于随机分布,成林大叶白蜡和五角枫、灌丛辽东栎呈聚集分布.在研究种群动态时,分别作出每个种群的龄级结构图,再对同一样地不同种群以及同一种群不同龄级个体的数量差异进行最小显著差法(LSD)检验和比较,结果表明检验结果和龄级结构图显示出来的趋势是一致的,即成林辽东栎种群具有较稳定的结构,成林大叶白蜡和五角枫表现为增长型结构,幼林辽东栎、大叶白蜡和五角枫都表现为衰退型结构,灌丛辽东栎具有稳定型结构,灌丛大叶白蜡具有增长型结构.研究表明,作为优势种的辽东栎种群个体之间的竞争很激烈,在乔木层中占有明显优势;作为伴生种的大叶白蜡的幼苗对环境的适应能力很强,在较低位层中占有明显优势.
대북경동령산지구삼괴양지중적료동력(Quercus liaotungensis)、대협백사(Fraxinus rhynchophylla)화오각풍(Acer mono)충군적분포격국화충군동태진행료고찰.조사삼괴양지중매개수충적전부개체,안고도장타문분위4개불동령급,용상린격자양방법진행취양.재연구분포격국시,계산료확산계수C、확산형지수Iδ여IA、CA지수화취괴지수m/m등각항지표,측정타문적분포격국,병통과계산의합타문적분포류형.결과표명,불동지점각충군적유묘(<0.4 m)、소유수(0.4～1 m)화대유수(1～2 m)절대다수정취집분포,소량정수궤분포;성림료동력성숙개체(≥2 m)시일충계우균균분포화수궤분포지간적상태,유림료동력성체화관총대협백사속우수궤분포,성림대협백사화오각풍、관총료동력정취집분포.재연구충군동태시,분별작출매개충군적령급결구도,재대동일양지불동충군이급동일충군불동령급개체적수량차이진행최소현저차법(LSD)검험화비교,결과표명검험결과화령급결구도현시출래적추세시일치적,즉성림료동력충군구유교은정적결구,성림대협백사화오각풍표현위증장형결구,유림료동력、대협백사화오각풍도표현위쇠퇴형결구,관총료동력구유은정형결구,관총대협백사구유증장형결구.연구표명,작위우세충적료동력충군개체지간적경쟁흔격렬,재교목층중점유명현우세;작위반생충적대협백사적유묘대배경적괄응능력흔강,재교저위층중점유명현우세.
The spatial distribution and population dynamics of Quercus liaotungensis, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Acer mono were studied in three warm temperate deciduous forests in Dongling Mountain. Clumped distributions appeared in most seedlings (≤0.4 m), short saplings (0.4-1 m) and tall saplings (1-2 m). Random distributions appeared in adults of Quercus liaotungensis in plot 1, Fraxinus rhynchophylla in plot 3. The LSD method was used to discern the differences of different aged population. The class distribution of Quercus liaotungensis, was nearly a reverse_J shape for plot 1 and plot 3, suggesting that the population regenerates continuously. The age_structures of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Acer mono in plot 1 and the test results indicated that they would increase continuously. In plot 2, the class distribution and the test results showed that all populations would not regenerate continuously.