CAJ | 학술논문

为了筛选九寨沟旅游退化地段林下植被恢复的适宜物种,并揭示乡土植物种子基本性状特征,研究了九寨沟28种观赏性乡土植物种子基本特征 (长宽、种皮厚度、千粒重、活力、萌发率)以及低温层积提高种子发芽能力的作用.调查研究结果是:1) 28种植物种子中4种为小种子(<1 mg),53.6%是中等大小的种子(1～9.9 mg),32.1%为大种子(>9.9 mg).小种子均出现萌发,与小种子相比,种子休眠普遍存在于中等大小和大的种子中.2) 77%的物种种子活力较高(>72%),但仅有7种常规条件下能萌发;窄叶鲜卑花的萌发率最高,达到80%左右,6种植物的萌发率3%～50%.3)低温层积显著提高了蔷薇、毛果铁线莲、宽叶旌节花、假升麻的萌发率(P<0.05),也相对较早地提高了陇东海棠、鲜黄小檗、独活的萌发,但对大多数种子萌发没有促进作用.综合分析表明,九寨沟28种林下或林缘乡土植物中只有窄叶鲜卑花、毛果铁线莲、宽叶旌节花、假升麻、陇东海棠、鲜黄小檗、蔷薇等12种可直播或通过低温层积处理后直播用于旅游干扰退化地段的林下植被恢复中,而其他种类尚需进一步寻求打破休眠的措施和方法.
위료사선구채구여유퇴화지단림하식피회복적괄의물충,병게시향토식물충자기본성상특정,연구료구채구28충관상성향토식물충자기본특정 (장관、충피후도、천립중、활력、맹발솔)이급저온층적제고충자발아능력적작용.조사연구결과시:1) 28충식물충자중4충위소충자(<1 mg),53.6%시중등대소적충자(1～9.9 mg),32.1%위대충자(>9.9 mg).소충자균출현맹발,여소충자상비,충자휴면보편존재우중등대소화대적충자중.2) 77%적물충충자활력교고(>72%),단부유7충상규조건하능맹발;착협선비화적맹발솔최고,체도80%좌우,6충식물적맹발솔3%～50%.3)저온층적현저제고료장미、모과철선련、관협정절화、가승마적맹발솔(P<0.05),야상대교조지제고료롱동해당、선황소벽、독활적맹발,단대대다수충자맹발몰유촉진작용.종합분석표명,구채구28충림하혹림연향토식물중지유착협선비화、모과철선련、관협정절화、가승마、롱동해당、선황소벽、장미등12충가직파혹통과저온층적처리후직파용우여유간우퇴화지단적림하식피회복중,이기타충류상수진일보심구타파휴면적조시화방법.
Seed traits of 28 ornamental native undergrowth species from Jiuzhaigou, including seed length, seed width, the thickness of seed coat, 1000-seed mass, viability, germination percentage and the effect of cold stratification were investigated in order to assess the traits of them and to choose the suitable species for undergrowth vegetation restoration on patched degraded sites resulted from tourism. Results showed that: 1) 14.3% of the twenty-eight species was small seed (<1 mg), 53.6% was medium seed (1-9.9 mg), and 32.1% with big seed (>9.9 mg). The small seeds all germinated, but most species with medium seeds and big seeds have seed dormancy compared to species with small seeds. 2) There are 77% seeds of the 28 species with high viability(>72%), only 7 species had germination before stratification. The highest germination percentage (80%) occurred for Sibiraea angustata, and the other 6 species germinated with percentage ranging form 3% to 50%. 3) Cold stratification did not release seed dormancy for most species. In our study, there are only 4 species including Rosa spp,Clematis peterae var. trichocarpa, Stachyurus chinensis and Aruncus sylvester (P<0.05) with germination percentage increased by cold stratification. In addition, the germination of Malus kansuensis, Berberis diaphana and Heracleum hemsleyanum was advanced comparatively. The present study suggested that, 28 species, including Sibiraea angustata , Clematis peterae var. trichocarpa, Stachyurus chinensis, Aruncus Sylvester, Malus kansuensis, Berberis diaphana and Rosa sp, is suitable for seeding directly or seeding before cold stratification for undergrowth vegetation restoration in degraded sites resulting from tourism.