中国地方病学杂志
中國地方病學雜誌
중국지방병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENDEMIOLOGY
2010年
2期
182-185
,共4页
李有福%鲁青%丁生荣%魏生英%安永清%李增月%何多龙%李勇%张发荣%姜泓%甘培春%李生梅
李有福%魯青%丁生榮%魏生英%安永清%李增月%何多龍%李勇%張髮榮%薑泓%甘培春%李生梅
리유복%로청%정생영%위생영%안영청%리증월%하다룡%리용%장발영%강홍%감배춘%리생매
氟化物中毒%茶%氟中毒,牙%氟骨症%膳食调查
氟化物中毒%茶%氟中毒,牙%氟骨癥%膳食調查
불화물중독%다%불중독,아%불골증%선식조사
Fluoride poisoning%Tea%Fluorosis,dental%Osteofluorosis%Diet surveys
目的 调查青海省饮茶型氟中毒流行现状,了解居民饮食结构,为预防控制和科研工作提供科学依据.方法 2007年,依据全国<饮茶型地方性氟中毒流行现状调查方案>,结合青海省具体情况对28个县进行调查,每个县抽查3个乡、1个镇,每个乡(镇)抽查2个行政村(居委会),每个村(居委会)抽查50名成人、50名学龄儿童;同时每个县抽查1座寺院,每座寺院抽查成人僧侣50名、儿童僧侣50名.人户调查居民经济收入、饮食结构、砖茶消耗量等.对全部调查对象用Dean法诊断氟斑牙,对同仁、达日、互助县和隆务寺16岁以上成人用200 mA X线机拍片诊断氟骨症,并用调查结果估算全省饮茶型氟中毒的患病人数.结果 ①居民家庭年人均收入大部分在500～<1000元,其次在1000～<3000元;牧业区居民经济收入略高于农业区、半农半牧区和城镇居民.②居民饮食结构,牧业区及半农半牧区主食以面粉为主,其次是糌粑及大米;农业区及城镇主食以面粉为主,其次是大米及糌杷;各地区副食均为肉制品占多数,其次为奶制品,蛋类比例很小.③经常食用的蔬菜为土豆、白菜及青椒,每日食用的家庭占62.82%(6497/10 343);水果以苹果、梨及橘子为主,每月食用不足10次的家庭占75.95%(7856/10 343).④共调查居民61 999人,年砖茶消耗量为153 335 kg,人均2.47 ks;共调查僧侣1001人,年砖茶消耗量为4120 kg,人均4.12 kg.⑤乡镇成人氟斑牙检出率为24.11%(2494/10 343),儿童氟斑牙检出率为24.38%(3012/12 355);成人僧侣氟斑牙检出率为26.13%(203/777),儿童僧侣氟斑牙检出率为39.73%(89/224).⑥乡镇成人氟骨症检出率为15.60%(17/109);成人僧侣氟骨症检出率为4.88%(2/41).⑦氟斑牙患者95%可信限估算总人数为1 084 306～1 134 170人.中位数为1 109 238人;氟骨症患者95%可信限估算总人数为309 177～758 199人,中位数为533 688人.结论 青海省砖茶消耗量较大,饮茶型氟中毒人数多,危害程度比较重;居民饮食结构比较单调,主要靠外地运输.
目的 調查青海省飲茶型氟中毒流行現狀,瞭解居民飲食結構,為預防控製和科研工作提供科學依據.方法 2007年,依據全國<飲茶型地方性氟中毒流行現狀調查方案>,結閤青海省具體情況對28箇縣進行調查,每箇縣抽查3箇鄉、1箇鎮,每箇鄉(鎮)抽查2箇行政村(居委會),每箇村(居委會)抽查50名成人、50名學齡兒童;同時每箇縣抽查1座寺院,每座寺院抽查成人僧侶50名、兒童僧侶50名.人戶調查居民經濟收入、飲食結構、磚茶消耗量等.對全部調查對象用Dean法診斷氟斑牙,對同仁、達日、互助縣和隆務寺16歲以上成人用200 mA X線機拍片診斷氟骨癥,併用調查結果估算全省飲茶型氟中毒的患病人數.結果 ①居民傢庭年人均收入大部分在500～<1000元,其次在1000～<3000元;牧業區居民經濟收入略高于農業區、半農半牧區和城鎮居民.②居民飲食結構,牧業區及半農半牧區主食以麵粉為主,其次是糌粑及大米;農業區及城鎮主食以麵粉為主,其次是大米及糌杷;各地區副食均為肉製品佔多數,其次為奶製品,蛋類比例很小.③經常食用的蔬菜為土豆、白菜及青椒,每日食用的傢庭佔62.82%(6497/10 343);水果以蘋果、梨及橘子為主,每月食用不足10次的傢庭佔75.95%(7856/10 343).④共調查居民61 999人,年磚茶消耗量為153 335 kg,人均2.47 ks;共調查僧侶1001人,年磚茶消耗量為4120 kg,人均4.12 kg.⑤鄉鎮成人氟斑牙檢齣率為24.11%(2494/10 343),兒童氟斑牙檢齣率為24.38%(3012/12 355);成人僧侶氟斑牙檢齣率為26.13%(203/777),兒童僧侶氟斑牙檢齣率為39.73%(89/224).⑥鄉鎮成人氟骨癥檢齣率為15.60%(17/109);成人僧侶氟骨癥檢齣率為4.88%(2/41).⑦氟斑牙患者95%可信限估算總人數為1 084 306～1 134 170人.中位數為1 109 238人;氟骨癥患者95%可信限估算總人數為309 177～758 199人,中位數為533 688人.結論 青海省磚茶消耗量較大,飲茶型氟中毒人數多,危害程度比較重;居民飲食結構比較單調,主要靠外地運輸.
목적 조사청해성음다형불중독류행현상,료해거민음식결구,위예방공제화과연공작제공과학의거.방법 2007년,의거전국<음다형지방성불중독류행현상조사방안>,결합청해성구체정황대28개현진행조사,매개현추사3개향、1개진,매개향(진)추사2개행정촌(거위회),매개촌(거위회)추사50명성인、50명학령인동;동시매개현추사1좌사원,매좌사원추사성인승려50명、인동승려50명.인호조사거민경제수입、음식결구、전다소모량등.대전부조사대상용Dean법진단불반아,대동인、체일、호조현화륭무사16세이상성인용200 mA X선궤박편진단불골증,병용조사결과고산전성음다형불중독적환병인수.결과 ①거민가정년인균수입대부분재500～<1000원,기차재1000～<3000원;목업구거민경제수입략고우농업구、반농반목구화성진거민.②거민음식결구,목업구급반농반목구주식이면분위주,기차시잠파급대미;농업구급성진주식이면분위주,기차시대미급잠파;각지구부식균위육제품점다수,기차위내제품,단류비례흔소.③경상식용적소채위토두、백채급청초,매일식용적가정점62.82%(6497/10 343);수과이평과、리급귤자위주,매월식용불족10차적가정점75.95%(7856/10 343).④공조사거민61 999인,년전다소모량위153 335 kg,인균2.47 ks;공조사승려1001인,년전다소모량위4120 kg,인균4.12 kg.⑤향진성인불반아검출솔위24.11%(2494/10 343),인동불반아검출솔위24.38%(3012/12 355);성인승려불반아검출솔위26.13%(203/777),인동승려불반아검출솔위39.73%(89/224).⑥향진성인불골증검출솔위15.60%(17/109);성인승려불골증검출솔위4.88%(2/41).⑦불반아환자95%가신한고산총인수위1 084 306～1 134 170인.중위수위1 109 238인;불골증환자95%가신한고산총인수위309 177～758 199인,중위수위533 688인.결론 청해성전다소모량교대,음다형불중독인수다,위해정도비교중;거민음식결구비교단조,주요고외지운수.
Objective To investigate epidemical situation of drinking-tea fluomsis in Qinghai province, in order to understand diet structure to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control and the scientific research. Methods In 2007, according to "Scheme for Survey on Epidemical Drinking-tea Fluorosis", we carried out an customized investigation in 28 counties, 3 townships sampled in each county, 2 villages in each township, 50 adults and 50 school-age children in each village; at same time, 1 monk temple was sampled in each county, 50 clergy adults and 50 children in each temple. Then we investigated the resident income, the diet structure, the brick tea consumption and so on, and applied Dean method to diagnose dental fluorosis. The patient number estimated based on the survey result. Results ①Yeady per capita income of people was mostly 500 - < 1000 yuan, next 1000 - < 3000 yuan; economic income in pasturing area was higher than that of agriculture, half area and half agriculture and half pastoral region and township. ②Staple food was bread flour primarily in the animal husbandry agricultural half pastoral area,next were the roasted barley and the rice;the bread flour was the principle food in the agricultural region and the cities,next were the rice and the roasted barley;among non-staple food,meat came fimt and milk foHowed,egg the last.③The frequently edible vegetables Was potato.cabbage and green pepper,eaten by a majority of people[62.82%(6497/10 343)];as for fruits,apple,pear and orange was primarily consumed,75.95%(7856/10 343)of people ate less than 10 times every month.④Sixty-one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine residents were registered,153 335 kg ofbrick tea was consumed in villages and towns,2.47 kg per person;in 1001 monks investigated,4120 kg of brick tea was consumed every year,4.12 kg per person.⑤Detection rate of adult dental fluorosis in the villages and towns was 24.11%(2494/10 343),that of the children was 24.38% (3012/12 355);detection rate of dental fluorosis in monks was 26.13%(203/777),that of the children was 39.73% (89/224).⑥Detection rate of adult skeletal fluorosis in villages and towns was 15.60%(17/109);that of monks was 4.88%(2/41).⑦The 95%confidence limit estimated a total number of dental fluorosis patients were 1 084 306- 1 134 170 persons.the median Was 1 109 238 persons;the 95% confidence limit estimated a total number of skeletal fluorosis patients were 309 177-758 199 persons,the median was 533 688 persons.Conclusions Qinghai province has a great quantity of brick tea consumption,having lots of people with drinking-tea fluorosis which is in severe degree.The resident food structure was monotonous and mostly transpolted from other region.
