CAJ | 학술논문

采用开顶式气室(OTC),对水稻"3694繁"(Oryza sativa L.3694 Fan)进行田间原位臭氧(O_3)熏气实验,研究了不同O_3浓度熏气处理下水稻光合色素、气体交换参数以及产量的响应.实验设置分4个水平:过滤大气组(CF,10 nL·L~(-1))、自然大气组(NF,40nL·L~(-1))和两个不同浓度的O_3处理组(01:100 nL·L~(-1);02:150 nL·L~(-1)).结果表明:(1)与CF组相比,两个不同浓度的O_3处理均导致水稻叶片光合色素含量大幅度下降,加速水稻的衰老过程;(2)在实验进程中,O_3处理导致水稻叶片气体交换参数发生显著变化,饱和CO:浓度的净光合速率(P_(sat))、气孔导度(Gs)、水分利用效率(WUE)、气孔限制值(Ls)和羧化效率(CE)均呈现下降趋势,表明O,浓度的升高使水稻光合作用对CO_2的利用效率降低,水稻在灌浆期对O_3最为敏感;(3)O_3处理使水稻产量损失明显,当AOT40值达到2.32uL·L~(-1)·h时,就能导致水稻产量10%的减产.
채용개정식기실(OTC),대수도"3694번"(Oryza sativa L.3694 Fan)진행전간원위취양(O_3)훈기실험,연구료불동O_3농도훈기처리하수도광합색소、기체교환삼수이급산량적향응.실험설치분4개수평:과려대기조(CF,10 nL·L~(-1))、자연대기조(NF,40nL·L~(-1))화량개불동농도적O_3처리조(01:100 nL·L~(-1);02:150 nL·L~(-1)).결과표명:(1)여CF조상비,량개불동농도적O_3처리균도치수도협편광합색소함량대폭도하강,가속수도적쇠로과정;(2)재실험진정중,O_3처리도치수도협편기체교환삼수발생현저변화,포화CO:농도적정광합속솔(P_(sat))、기공도도(Gs)、수분이용효솔(WUE)、기공한제치(Ls)화최화효솔(CE)균정현하강추세,표명O,농도적승고사수도광합작용대CO_2적이용효솔강저,수도재관장기대O_3최위민감;(3)O_3처리사수도산량손실명현,당AOT40치체도2.32uL·L~(-1)·h시,취능도치수도산량10%적감산.
In order to investigate the effects of elevated ozone concentration on the leaf photosynthesis and yield loss of rice (Oryza saliva L. 3694 Fan), we planted rice using open-top chambers(OTC) in situ in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province and applied four treatments:charcoal-filtered air (CF, 10 nL·L~(-1)), unfiltered air (NF, 40 nL·L~(-1)) , and charcoal-filtered air with ozone additions(O1:100 nL·L~(-1); 02:150 nL·L~(-1)). Rice was exposed to ozone concentrations from July 29 to October 11, 2007 and the actual days of exposure was 54. Photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange parameters and yield of rice were determined. All results indicated that elevated ozone had significant effects on rice photosynthesis and yield loss: (1)Compared to CF, the content of rice photosynthetic pigments declined markedly under O1 and O2 treatments and o-zone accelerated rice leaf senescence; (2 )The gas exchange parameters, including the CO_2 saturated rate of photosynthesis (P_(sat)), stomatal conductance (Gs), water usage efficiency( WUE), stomal limit value(Ls) and carboxylation efficiency(CE) significantly decreased, indicating the decrease in CO_2 usage efficiency on the photosynthesis of rice under the exposure of elevated ozone concentrations. Rice was the most sensitive to O_3 at grain filling stage; (3 )The effects of elevated ozone on the photosynthesis was embodied in the rice yield loss and the rice yield loss reached 10% when AOT40 (Accumulated exposure over athreshold ozone concentration of 40 nL·L~(-1)) was 2.32 μL · L~(-1) · h.