CAJ | 학술논문

红壤分布区域是中国蕈要的粮食产地,但是降水时空分布的不均匀导致了季节性干旱的发生.因此,了解红壤中水分时空分布规律具有十分重要的意义.该文研究了低山丘陵区红壤早地不同肥料配比长期试验小区土壤含水率的季节性变化状况及其与气象因素的关系,分析了典型红壤地区的土壤水分变化规律.结果表明:研究区1 a内的土壤含水率变化分为4个阶段:土壤水分充盈期、土壤水分亏缺期、土壤水分补充恢复期和土壤水分平稳期.空白小区土壤含水率变化较大;在施用肥料的试验小区中,蒸发对氮肥小区、氮磷小区和氮磷钾小区的影响逐渐降低;而降雨对氮肥小区、氮磷小区和氮磷钾小区的影响力逐渐增加.通过掌握典型红壤地区的土壤水分变化规律,对该地区水资源的调配管理、灌溉安排及干旱评估均可起到重要的指导作用.
홍양분포구역시중국심요적양식산지,단시강수시공분포적불균균도치료계절성간한적발생.인차,료해홍양중수분시공분포규률구유십분중요적의의.해문연구료저산구릉구홍양조지불동비료배비장기시험소구토양함수솔적계절성변화상황급기여기상인소적관계,분석료전형홍양지구적토양수분변화규률.결과표명:연구구1 a내적토양함수솔변화분위4개계단:토양수분충영기、토양수분우결기、토양수분보충회복기화토양수분평은기.공백소구토양함수솔변화교대;재시용비료적시험소구중,증발대담비소구、담린소구화담린갑소구적영향축점강저;이강우대담비소구、담린소구화담린갑소구적영향력축점증가.통과장악전형홍양지구적토양수분변화규률,대해지구수자원적조배관리、관개안배급간한평고균가기도중요적지도작용.
The red soil, distributed in many provinces in China, has great potential for agricultural development. But seasonal drought and low available soil moisture restrict agricultural production in the red soil region. In the study, soil moisture and physic-chemical properties of red soil were determined to analyze the soil moisture dynamic variation in different periods and to find out the profit and loss of soil moisture and their impact factors. The results showed that the variation of red soil moisture in one year could be divided into four phases: filling phase (from March to June), deficit phase (from June to August), recovery phase (from August to October), and stable phase (from October to March). In different experimental plots, meteorological factors had different influences. Effects of evaporation on N plot, NP plot,and NPK plot showed the digressive trend. On contrast, effects of rainfall showed the ascending trend. The plot with no fertilizer, which had no plant growth, could be influenced directly by evaporation or rainfall. It can play a very important role in water resources management, irrigation arrangement and drought evaluation by mastering the trend of the soil moisture dynamic variation in the red soil region.