CAJ | 학술논문

为了解污泥中磷在土壤中的化学行为,采用NaOH/EDTA浸提和~(31)P核磁共振技术研究了污泥施用到3种典型土壤中后磷的形态变化.结果表明,和传统NaOH熔融法相比,NaOH/EDTA能浸提土壤中54%～93%的磷.酸性土壤磷的NaOH/EDTA浸提率相对高,而有碳酸钙沉积的土壤浸提率相对低.污泥施用到土壤后不但提高了土壤中磷的总量,而且增加了磷的形态,并和污泥本身磷的形态基本一致.磷在土壤中的形态变化主要发生在污泥施用到土壤的14 d之内,之后磷的形态基本稳定.其中无机正磷酸盐含量从55.22%～57.88%增加到80.32%～87.47%,正磷酸二酯完全消失,正磷酸单酯含量从23.80%～28.84%降至15%左右,而无机焦磷酸盐含量从10%左右降至1%以下.污泥施加到土壤中后,有机磷在短期内转化为无机磷,虽然有利于植物对磷的吸收利用,但对水体富营养化的潜在危害加大,建议污泥土地利用时要做到少量多次.就土壤不同性质而言,低pH和粘质土更有利于有机磷同定.
위료해오니중린재토양중적화학행위,채용NaOH/EDTA침제화~(31)P핵자공진기술연구료오니시용도3충전형토양중후린적형태변화.결과표명,화전통NaOH용융법상비,NaOH/EDTA능침제토양중54%～93%적린.산성토양린적NaOH/EDTA침제솔상대고,이유탄산개침적적토양침제솔상대저.오니시용도토양후불단제고료토양중린적총량,이차증가료린적형태,병화오니본신린적형태기본일치.린재토양중적형태변화주요발생재오니시용도토양적14 d지내,지후린적형태기본은정.기중무궤정린산염함량종55.22%～57.88%증가도80.32%～87.47%,정린산이지완전소실,정린산단지함량종23.80%～28.84%강지15%좌우,이무궤초린산염함량종10%좌우강지1%이하.오니시가도토양중후,유궤린재단기내전화위무궤린,수연유리우식물대린적흡수이용,단대수체부영양화적잠재위해가대,건의오니토지이용시요주도소량다차.취토양불동성질이언,저pH화점질토경유리우유궤린동정.
In order to understand the chemical behavior of phosphorus from sewage sludge in soils, the NaOH/EDTA extractant and ~(31)P nu-clear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (~(31)P-NMR) were applied to study the change of phosphorus forms in three typical soils after the sewage sludge application. The results showed that NaOH/EDTA could extract about 54%～93% of phosphorus from the soils, and the extraction ratio for phosphorus in acid soils was much higher than that in soils with calcium carbonate. Application of sewage sludge not only increased the total phosphorus content, but also changed the phosphorus forms. The phosphorus forms in soils were the same as these in sewage sludge. The change of phosphorus forms in the soils occurred in fourteen days after the sewage sludge application, and then they became stable. The pro-portion of orthophosphate in total phosphorus increased from 55.41 %～58.59% to 82.70%～87.47%, orthophosphate diesters disappeared, the proportion of orthophosphate monoesters in total phosphorus decreased from 23.80%～28.49% to about 10%, and the proportion of pyrophos-phates decreased from about 10% to about 1%. The organic phosphorus was easy to transform to inorganic phosphorus quickly after the sewage sludge application, which was favor to adsorption of phosphorus by soils and its utilization by plants. However, the transformation could increase the risk of phosphorus to eutrophication of the water body. Therefore, it might be a good idea that small amount of sewage sludge was applied many times. For various soil properties, clay soils with low pH were in favor of organic phosphorus sequestration.